postscript {base} | R Documentation |
postscript
starts the graphics device driver for producing
PostScript graphics.
The auxiliary function ps.options
can be used to set and view
(if called without arguments)
default values for the arguments to postscript
.
postscript(file = ifelse(onefile, "Rplots.ps", "Rplot%03d.ps"), onefile = TRUE, paper, family, bg, fg, width, height, horizontal, pointsize, pagecentre, print.it, command) ps.options(paper, horizontal, width, height, family, pointsize, bg, fg, onefile = TRUE, print.it = FALSE, append = FALSE, reset = FALSE, override.check = FALSE) .PostScript.Options
file |
a character string giving the name of the file. If it is
"" , the output is piped to the command given by
the argument command .
If it is "|cmd" , the output is piped to the command given
by `cmd'.
For use with onefile=FALSE give a
printf format such as "Rplot%d.ps" (the default in that
case).
|
... |
further options for postscript() : |
paper |
the size of paper in the printer. The choices are
"a4" , "letter" , "legal" and
"executive" (and these can be capitalized).
Also, "special" can be used, when the width
and height specify the paper size. A further choice is
"default" , which is the default. If this is selected, the
papersize is taken from the option "papersize"
if that is set and to "a4" if it is unset or empty. |
horizontal |
the orientation of the printed image, a logical. Defaults to true, that is landscape orientation. |
width, height |
the width and height of the graphics region in inches. The default is to use the entire page less a 0.25 inch border on each side. |
family |
the font family to be used. EITHER a single character string
which must be one of "AvantGarde" ,
"Bookman" , "Courier" , "Helvetica" ,
"Helvetica-Narrow" , "NewCenturySchoolbook" ,
"Palatino" or "Times" , OR a character vector of length
four. |
pointsize |
the default point size to be used. |
bg |
the default background color to be used. |
fg |
the default foreground color to be used. |
onefile |
logical: if true (the default) allow multiple figures
in one file. If false, generate a
file number containing the page number and give EPSF header
and no DocumentMedia comment. |
pagecentre |
logical: should the device region be centred on the page: defaults to true. |
print.it |
logical: should the file be printed when the device is
closed? (This only applies if file is a real file name.) |
command |
the command to be used for ``printing''. Defaults to
option "printcmd" ; this can also be selected as "default" . |
append |
logical; currently disregarded; just there for compatibility reasons. |
postscript(..)
opens the file file
and the PostScript
commands needed to plot any graphics requested are stored in that file.
This file can then be printed on a suitable device to obtain hard
copy.
A postscript plot can be printed via postscript
in two ways.
print.it = TRUE
causes the command given in
argument command
to be called with argument "file"
when the device is closed.
Note that the plot file is not deleted unless command arranges to
delete it.
file=""
or file="|cmd"
can be used to print
using a pipe on systems that support `popen'.
The postscript produced by R is EPS (Encapsulated PostScript)
compatible, and can be included into other documents, e.g. into LaTeX,
using \includegraphics{<filename>}
. For use in this way you will
probably want to set horizontal=FALSE, onefile=FALSE,
paper="special"
.
Most of the PostScript prologue used is taken from the R character
vector .ps.profile
. This is marked in the output, and can be
changed by changing that vector. (This is only advisable for
PostScript experts.)
If the second form of argument "family"
is used, it should be a
set of four paths to Adobe Font Metric files for the regular, bold,
italic and bold italic fonts to be used. If these paths do not
contain the file separator, they are taken to refer to files in the
R directory `R_HOME/afm'. Thus the default Helvetica family
can be specified by family = c("hv______.afm",
"hvb_____.afm", "hvo_____.afm", "hvbo____.afm")
.
It is the user's responsibility to check that suitable fonts are made
available, and that they contain the needed characters when re-encoded
to the ISOLatin1 encoding. The fontnames used are taken from the
FontName
fields of the afm
files. The software
including the PostScript plot file should either embed the font
outlines (usually from .pfb
or .pfa
files) or
use DSC comments to instruct the print spooler to do so.
As ISOLatin1 encoding is used, -
is set as a minus and not
as a hyphen. Supply a hyphen (character 173) if that is what you need.
Devices
,
{check.options
which is called from both
ps.options
and postscript
}.
# open the file "foo.ps" for graphics output postscript("foo.ps") # produce the desired graph(s) dev.off() # turn off the postscript device postscript("|lp -dlw") # produce the desired graph(s) dev.off() # plot will appear on printer stopifnot(unlist(ps.options()) == unlist(.PostScript.Options)) ps.options(bg = "pink") str(ps.options(reset = TRUE)) ### ---- error checking of arguments: ---- ps.options(width=0:12, onefile=0, bg=pi) # override the check for 'onefile', but not the others: str(ps.options(width=0:12, onefile=1, bg=pi, override.check = c(F,T,F))) ### ---- Use TeX's Computer Modern fonts --- ## Only use alphanumeric chars here. postscript(family=paste("/myfonts/afm/", c("cmr10", "cmbx10", "cmsl10", "cmbxsl10"), ".afm", sep="")) ## The resultant postscript file can be used by dvips provided ## font subsetting is disabled (by flag -j0)