INSTALLATION NOTES for OpenBSD/sparc64 5.1 What is OpenBSD? ---------------- OpenBSD is a fully functional, multi-platform UN*X-like Operating System based on Berkeley Networking Release 2 (Net/2) and 4.4BSD-Lite. There are several operating systems in this family, but OpenBSD differentiates itself by putting security and correctness first. The OpenBSD team strives to achieve what is called a 'secure by default' status. This means that an OpenBSD user should feel safe that their newly installed machine will not be compromised. This 'secure by default' goal is achieved by taking a proactive stance on security. Since security flaws are essentially mistakes in design or implement- ation, the OpenBSD team puts as much importance on finding and fixing existing design flaws and implementation bugs as it does writing new code. This means that an OpenBSD system will not only be more secure, but it will be more stable. The source code for all critical system components has been checked for remote-access, local-access, denial- of-service, data destruction, and information-gathering problems. In addition to bug fixing, OpenBSD has integrated strong cryptography into the base system. A fully functional IPsec implementation is provided as well as support for common protocols such as SSL and SSH. Network filtering and monitoring tools such as packet filtering, NAT, and bridging are also standard, as well as several routing services, such as BGP and OSPF. For high performance demands, support for hardware cryptography has also been added to the base system. Because security is often seen as a tradeoff with usability, OpenBSD provides as many security options as possible to allow the user to enjoy secure computing without feeling burdened by it. Because OpenBSD is from Canada, the export of Cryptography pieces (such as OpenSSH, IPsec, and Kerberos) to the world is not restricted. (NOTE: OpenBSD can not be re-exported from the US once it has entered the US. Because of this, take care NOT to get the distribution from an FTP server in the US if you are outside of Canada and the US.) A comprehensive list of the improvements brought by the 5.1 release is available on the web at http://www.OpenBSD.org/51.html. OpenBSD/sparc64 runs on 64-bit UltraSPARC-based machines, including most of Sun Microsystems workstations and their clones. Sources of OpenBSD: ------------------- This is a list of currently known FTP and HTTP servers at the time of the 5.1 release. For a more recent list, please refer to http://www.OpenBSD.org/ftp.html Argentina: http://openbsd.org.ar/pub/OpenBSD (Buenos Aires) ftp://ftp.openbsd.org.ar/pub/OpenBSD (Buenos Aires) Australia: http://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/OpenBSD (Adelaide) ftp://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/OpenBSD (Adelaide) http://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/OpenBSD (Brisbane) ftp://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/OpenBSD (Brisbane) Austria: http://ftp5.eu.openbsd.org/ftp/pub/OpenBSD (Vienna) ftp://ftp5.eu.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD (Vienna) http://ftp.wu-wien.ac.at/pub/OpenBSD (Vienna) Brazil: http://openbsd.locaweb.com.br/pub/OpenBSD (Sao Paulo) ftp://openbsd.locaweb.com.br/pub/OpenBSD (Sao Paulo) Bulgaria: http://mirror.telepoint.bg/OpenBSD (Sofia) ftp://mirror.telepoint.bg/OpenBSD (Sofia) Canada: http://ftp.OpenBSD.org/pub/OpenBSD (Alberta) ftp://ftp.OpenBSD.org/pub/OpenBSD (Alberta) Costa Rica: http://mirrors.ucr.ac.cr/OpenBSD ftp://mirrors.ucr.ac.cr/OpenBSD Denmark: http://ftp.openbsd.dk/pub/OpenBSD (Aalborg) ftp://ftp.openbsd.dk/pub/OpenBSD (Aalborg) Estonia: http://ftp.aso.ee/pub/OpenBSD (Tallinn) ftp://ftp.aso.ee/pub/OpenBSD (Tallinn) http://ftp.estpak.ee/pub/OpenBSD (Tallinn) ftp://ftp.estpak.ee/pub/OpenBSD (Tallinn) France: http://ftp.fr.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD (Paris) ftp://ftp.fr.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD (Paris) http://ftp.arcane-networks.fr/pub/OpenBSD (Paris) ftp://ftp.arcane-networks.fr/pub/OpenBSD (Paris) ftp://ftp.irisa.fr/pub/OpenBSD (Rennes) http://ftp2.fr.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD (Paris) ftp://ftp2.fr.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD (Paris) http://ftp.crans.org/pub/OpenBSD (Cachan) ftp://ftp.crans.org/pub/OpenBSD (Cachan) Germany: http://openbsd.cs.fau.de/pub/OpenBSD (Erlangen) ftp://openbsd.cs.fau.de/pub/OpenBSD (Erlangen) http://ftp.spline.de/pub/OpenBSD (Berlin) ftp://ftp.spline.de/pub/OpenBSD (Berlin) ftp://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/pub/OpenBSD (Esslingen) http://ftp.bytemine.net/pub/OpenBSD (Oldenburg) ftp://ftp.bytemine.net/pub/OpenBSD (Oldenburg) http://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/openbsd (Aachen) ftp://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/pub/OpenBSD (Aachen) http://artfiles.org/openbsd (Hamburg) Greece: http://ftp.cc.uoc.gr/mirrors/OpenBSD (Heraklion) ftp://ftp.cc.uoc.gr/mirrors/OpenBSD (Heraklion) Hungary: http://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/OpenBSD (Budapest) ftp://ftp.fsn.hu/pub/OpenBSD (Budapest) Ireland: http://ftp.heanet.ie/pub/OpenBSD (Dublin) ftp://ftp.heanet.ie/pub/OpenBSD (Dublin) Japan: http://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/OpenBSD (Ishikawa) ftp://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/OpenBSD (Ishikawa) http://www.ftp.ne.jp/OpenBSD (Saitama) ftp://ftp.kddilabs.jp/OpenBSD (Saitama) Korea: http://mirror.yongbok.net/OpenBSD (Seoul) ftp://mirror.yongbok.net/pub/OpenBSD (Seoul) The Netherlands: http://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/OpenBSD (Utrecht) ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/OpenBSD (Utrecht) http://ftp.bit.nl/pub/OpenBSD (Ede) ftp://ftp.bit.nl/pub/OpenBSD (Ede) http://ftp.z74.net/pub/OpenBSD (Amersfoort) ftp://ftp.z74.net/pub/OpenBSD (Amersfoort) Norway: http://baksmell.netrunner.nu/pub/OpenBSD (Trondheim) ftp://baksmell.netrunner.nu/pub/OpenBSD (Trondheim) Pakistan: http://stingray.cyber.net.pk/pub/OpenBSD (Karachi) ftp://stingray.cyber.net.pk/pub/OpenBSD (Karachi) Poland: http://piotrkosoft.net/pub/OpenBSD (Oswiecim) ftp://ftp.piotrkosoft.net/pub/OpenBSD (Oswiecim) http://ftp.icm.edu.pl/pub/OpenBSD (Warszawa) ftp://ftp.icm.edu.pl/pub/OpenBSD (Warszawa) Russia: http://mirror.corbina.net/pub/OpenBSD (Moscow) ftp://mirror.corbina.net/pub/OpenBSD (Moscow) Saudi Arabia: http://mirrors.isu.net.sa/pub/ftp.openbsd.org (Riyadh) ftp://mirrors.isu.net.sa/pub/ftp.openbsd.org (Riyadh) Slovenia: http://www.obsd.si/pub/OpenBSD (Ljubljana) ftp://ftp.obsd.si/pub/OpenBSD (Ljubljana) South Africa: http://mirror.is.co.za/mirror/ftp.openbsd.org (Johannesburg) ftp://ftp.is.co.za/mirror/ftp.openbsd.org (Johannesburg) Spain: http://mirror.cdmon.com/pub/OpenBSD (Barcelona) ftp://mirror.cdmon.com/pub/OpenBSD (Barcelona) Sweden: http://ftp.eu.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD (Stockholm) ftp://ftp.eu.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD (Stockholm) http://ftp.netbsd.se/OpenBSD (Stockholm) Switzerland: http://mirror.switch.ch/ftp/pub/OpenBSD (Zurich) ftp://mirror.switch.ch/pub/OpenBSD (Zurich) http://ftp.ch.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD (Zurich) ftp://ftp.ch.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD (Zurich) Turkey: ftp://ftp.ulak.net.tr/OpenBSD United Kingdom: http://www.mirrorservice.org/pub/OpenBSD (Kent) ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/pub/OpenBSD (Kent) http://mirror.bytemark.co.uk/pub/OpenBSD (Manchester) ftp://mirror.bytemark.co.uk/pub/OpenBSD (Manchester) http://ftp.plig.net/pub/OpenBSD (London) ftp://ftp.plig.net/pub/OpenBSD (London) USA: http://ftp5.usa.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD (Redwood City, CA) ftp://ftp5.usa.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD (Redwood City, CA) http://ftp3.usa.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD (Boulder, CO) ftp://ftp3.usa.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD (Boulder, CO) http://mirror.team-cymru.org/pub/OpenBSD (Chicago, IL) ftp://mirror.team-cymru.org/pub/OpenBSD (Chicago, IL) http://mirror.planetunix.net/pub/OpenBSD (Chicago, IL) ftp://mirror.planetunix.net/pub/OpenBSD (Chicago, IL) http://obsd.cec.mtu.edu/pub/OpenBSD (Houghton, Michigan) ftp://obsd.cec.mtu.edu/pub/OpenBSD (Houghton, Michigan) http://filedump.se.rit.edu/pub/OpenBSD (Rochester, NY) ftp://filedump.se.rit.edu/pub/OpenBSD (Rochester, NY) http://openbsd.mirror.frontiernet.net/pub/OpenBSD (Rochester, NY) ftp://openbsd.mirror.frontiernet.net/pub/OpenBSD (Rochester, NY) http://ftp.lambdaserver.com/pub/OpenBSD (Chicago, Illinois) ftp://ftp.lambdaserver.com/pub/OpenBSD (Chicago, Illinois) http://openbsd.mirrors.hoobly.com (Pittsburgh, PA) http://mirror.ece.vt.edu/pub/OpenBSD (Blacksburg, VA) http://mirror.servihoo.net/pub/OpenBSD (Kansas City, MO) ftp://mirror.servihoo.net/pub/OpenBSD (Kansas City, MO) http://openbsd.mirrors.pair.com (Pittsburgh, PA) ftp://openbsd.mirrors.pair.com (Pittsburgh, PA) http://mirrors.gigenet.com/pub/OpenBSD (Arlington Heights, IL) ftp://mirrors.gigenet.com/pub/OpenBSD (Arlington Heights, IL) http://mirror.esc7.net/pub/OpenBSD (Dallas, TX) ftp://mirror.esc7.net/pub/OpenBSD (Dallas, TX) Additionally, the file ftp://ftp.OpenBSD.org/pub/OpenBSD/ftplist contains a list which is continually updated. If you wish to become a distribution site for OpenBSD, contact . OpenBSD 5.1 Release Contents: ----------------------------- The OpenBSD 5.1 release is organized in the following way. In the .../5.1 directory, for each of the architectures having an OpenBSD 5.1 binary distribution, there is a sub-directory. The sparc64-specific portion of the OpenBSD 5.1 release is found in the "sparc64" subdirectory of the distribution. That subdirectory is laid out as follows: .../5.1/sparc64/ INSTALL.sparc64 Installation notes; this file. SHA256 Output of the sum(1) program using the option -a sha256, usable for verification of the correctness of downloaded files. miniroot51.fs A miniroot filesystem image to be used if you for some reason can't or don't want to use the ramdisk installation method. It can be copied to the swap partition of an existing OpenBSD, Solaris, NetBSD, or Linux installation to allow installing or upgrading to OpenBSD 5.1. floppy51.fs The standard sparc64 boot and installation floppy; see below. This floppy image will boot on some SBus-based sparc64 models, such as: - Ultra 1/1E - Ultra 2 floppyB51.fs Another sparc64 boot and installation floppy; see below. This floppy image will boot on some PCI-based sparc64 models, such as: - SPARCengineUltra AX - SPARCengineUltra AXe - SPARCengineUltra AXi *.tgz sparc64 binary distribution sets; see below. bsd A stock GENERIC sparc64 kernel which will be installed on your system during the install. bsd.mp A stock GENERIC.MP sparc64 kernel, with support for multiprocessor machines, which can be used instead of the GENERIC kernel after the install. bsd.rd A compressed RAMDISK kernel; the embedded filesystem contains the installation tools. Used for simple installation from a pre-existing system. install51.iso The sparc64 boot and installation CD-ROM image, which contains the base and X sets, so that install or upgrade can be done without network connectivity. cd51.iso A miniroot filesystem image suitable to be used as a bootable CD-ROM image, but will require the base and X sets be found via another media or network; otherwise similar to the bsd.rd image above. installboot The OpenBSD/sparc64 boot loader installation program. bootblk The OpenBSD/sparc64 boot block. ofwboot The OpenBSD/sparc64 secondary boot loader. ofwboot.net The OpenBSD/sparc64 network boot loader. Please note that there are multiple bootable images and kernels, intended to allow installing OpenBSD/sparc64 in a variety of situations without requiring a pre-existing working operating system. The kernel and boot images are provided for net booting installations. Bootable installation/upgrade floppy images: The two floppy images can be copied to a floppy using rawrite.exe, ntrw.exe, or `dd', as described later in this document. Each floppy image is a bootable install floppy which can be used both to install and to upgrade OpenBSD to the current version. It is also useful for maintenance and disaster recovery. The OpenBSD/sparc64 binary distribution sets contain the binaries which comprise the OpenBSD 5.1 release for sparc64 systems. There are ten binary distribution sets. The binary distribution sets can be found in the "sparc64" subdirectory of the OpenBSD 5.1 distribution tree, and are as follows: base51 The OpenBSD/sparc64 5.1 base binary distribution. You MUST install this distribution set. It contains the base OpenBSD utilities that are necessary for the system to run and be minimally functional. It includes shared library support, and excludes everything described below. [ 56.6 MB gzipped, 181.0 MB uncompressed ] comp51 The OpenBSD/sparc64 Compiler tools. All of the tools relating to C, C++ and Objective-C are supported. This set includes the system include files (/usr/include), the linker, the compiler tool chain, and the various system libraries (except the shared libraries, which are included as part of the base set). This set also includes the manual pages for all of the utilities it contains, as well as the system call and library manual pages. [ 63.5 MB gzipped, 236.5 MB uncompressed ] etc51 This distribution set contains the system configuration files that reside in /etc and in several other places. This set MUST be installed if you are installing the system from scratch, but should NOT be used if you are upgrading. (If you are upgrading, it's recommended that you get a copy of this set and CAREFULLY upgrade your configuration files by hand; see the section named Upgrading a previously-installed OpenBSD System" below.) [ 512.8 KB gzipped, 1.5 MB uncompressed ] game51 This set includes the games and their manual pages. [ 2.6 MB gzipped, 6.1 MB uncompressed ] man51 This set includes all of the manual pages for the binaries and other software contained in the base set. Note that it does not include any of the manual pages that are included in the other sets. [ 9.2 MB gzipped, 35.7 MB uncompressed ] xbase51 This set includes the base X distribution. This includes programs, headers and libraries. [ 11.8 MB gzipped, 39.8 MB uncompressed ] xetc51 This set includes the X window system configuration files that reside in /etc. It's the equivalent of etc51 for X. [ 71.1 KB gzipped, 272.8 KB uncompressed ] xfont51 This set includes all of the X fonts. [ 37.5 MB gzipped, 48.5 MB uncompressed ] xserv51 This set includes all of the X servers. [ 6.2 MB gzipped, 17.1 MB uncompressed ] xshare51 This set includes all text files equivalent between all architectures. [ 3.2 MB gzipped, 17.5 MB uncompressed ] OpenBSD System Requirements and Supported Devices: -------------------------------------------------- OpenBSD/sparc64 5.1 runs on the following classes of machines: Ultra 1/1E Ultra 2 Ultra 3 Mobile Workstation Ultra 5/10 Ultra 25/45 Ultra 30/60/80 SPARCengineUltra AX SPARCengineUltra AXe SPARCengineUltra AXi SPARCengineUltra AXdp SPARCengineUltra AXmp SPARCengine CP1500 Enterprise 150 Enterprise 220R Enterprise 250 Enterprise 420R Enterprise 450 Enterprise 3000/4000/5000/6000 Enterprise 3500/4500/5500/6500 Enterprise 10000 Sun Blade 100/150 Sun Blade 1000/2000 Sun Blade 1500/2500 Sun Blade T6300 Sun Blade T6320 Sun Blade T6340 Sun Fire V100/V120 Sun Fire V125 Sun Fire V210/V240/V440 Sun Fire V215/V245 Sun Fire V250 Sun Fire 280R Sun Fire V480/V880 Sun Fire V490/V890 Sun Fire V1280 Sun Fire T1000/T2000 Sun SPARC Enterprise T1000/T2000 Sun SPARC Enterprise T5120/T5220 Sun SPARC Enterprise T5140/T5240 Sun SPARC Enterprise T5440 Sun SPARC Enterprise M4000/M5000/M8000/M9000 Sun SX1500 Sun SX2500 Sun SX3200 Netra AX1105 Netra AX2200 Netra X1 Netra 20/T4 Netra 120 Netra 210/240/440 Netra 1280 Netra 1290 Netra T1 100/105 Netra T1 AC200/DC200 Netra T 1100 Netra T 1120/1125 Netra T 1400/1405 Netra CP3060 Netra CP3260 Netra T2000 Netra T5220 Netra T5440 Fujitsu PRIMEPOWER 250/450 Fujitsu PRIMEPOWER 650/850 (with SPARC64-V processors only) Fujitsu SPARC Enterprise T1000/T2000 Fujitsu SPARC Enterprise T5120/T5220 Fujitsu SPARC Enterprise T5140/T5240 Fujitsu SPARC Enterprise T5440 Fujitsu SPARC Enterprise M4000/M5000/M8000/M9000 as well on faithful clones of the above Sun systems, including: Momentum Leopard-V RDI/Tadpole UltraBook 170/200 Tadpole SPARCLE 550SX/650SX Tadpole Viper Even if your machine is not listed above, it is possible that OpenBSD/sparc64 will work on it. OpenBSD/sparc64 does not work on machines with Fujitsu's SPARC64-I, SPARC64-II, SPARC64-III and SPARC64-IV processors. OpenBSD/sparc64 5.1 supports SMP (Symmetrical MultiProcessor) systems. To support SMP operation, a separate SMP kernel (bsd.mp) is included with the installation file sets. The minimal configuration requires 32MB of RAM and ~160MB of disk space. To install the entire system requires much more disk space, and to run X or compile the system, more RAM is recommended. Supported devices include: SCSI Host Adapters: Adaptec AIC-7770, AIC-7850, AIC-7860, AIC-7870, AIC-7880, AIC-7890, AIC-7891, AIC-7892, AIC-7895, AIC-7896, AIC-7897 and AIC-7899 based host adapters (ahc), including the Adaptec cards AHA-274X[W,T] AHA-284X AHA-2910, AHA-2915 AHA-2920 AHA-2930[C,U2] AHA-2940[J,N,U,AU,UW,UW Dual,UW Pro,U2W,U2B] AHA-2950[U2W,U2B] AHA-3940[U,AU,UW,AUW,U2W] AHA-3950U2 AHA-3960 AHA-3985 AHA-4944UW AHA-19160B AHA-29160[B,N] AHA-39160 SBus NCR53c9x adapters (esp) SBus 10/100Mbit SunSwift Ethernet+SCSI cards, aka HME + FAS366 cards (esp) SBus and PCI QLogic adapters (isp) PCI NCR53c8xx adapters (siop) AMD Am53c974 PCscsi-PCI host adapters including the Tekram DC-390 (pcscp) LSI Logic Fusion-MPT(Symbios Logic/NCR) (mpi) PCI IDE Controllers: (pciide) Acer Labs M5229 Command Technologies PCI0646, PCI0680 National Semiconductor PC87415 Promise PDC20262, PDC20267, PDC20268 Other PCI IDE controllers may work, but have not been tested CD-ROM and DVD-ROM Drives Most SCSI CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD and DVD-RW drives Most ATAPI CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD and DVD-RW drives Ethernet Adapters: onboard AMD Lance Ethernet (le) SBus AMD Lance Ethernet cards (le) SBus 10/100MBit Sun FastEthernet 1.0 cards (qec/be) SBus Quad 10MBit Sun QuadEthernet cards (qec/qe) onboard SBus/PCI HME Ethernet cards (hme) SBus 10/100Mbit Ethernet cards (hme) SBus 10/100Mbit SunSwift Ethernet+SCSI cards (hme) SBus Quad 10/100MBit Quad Fast Ethernet cards (hme, qfe) PCI Fast Ethernet (hme) PCI Quad Fast Ethernet (hme) PCI Gigabit Ethernet (gem) PCI GigaSwift Ethernet (cas) PCI Alteon Tigon I/II PCI Gigabit Ethernet boards (ti) PCI Digital DC21x4x-based PCI adapters (de) PCI Davicom DM9102 Ethernet (dc) PCI Intel 21145-based adapters (dc) PCI Intel i8255x-based (except the i82556) adapters (fxp) PCI 3Com 3c9xx EtherLink XL adapters (xl) PCI SMC 83C170 ("EtherPower II") (EPIC/100) (epic) AMD PCnet-based PCI adapters (pcn) BOCALANcard/PCI AT&T StarLAN 10, EN100, and StarLAN Fiber Intel i82540, i82541, i82542, i82543, i82544, i82545, i82546, i82547, i82571, i82572 and i82573 based adapters, including: HP ProLiant NC310F PCI-X Gigabit NIC (SX Fiber) HP ProLiant NC340T PCI-X Gigabit NIC HP ProLiant NC360T PCI Express Dual Port Gigabit NIC HP ProLiant NC6132 Upgrade Module (SX Fiber) HP ProLiant NC6133 Upgrade Module (LX Fiber) HP ProLiant NC6134 PCI Gigabit NIC (SX Fiber) HP ProLiant NC6136 PCI Gigabit NIC (SX Fiber) HP ProLiant NC6170 PCI-X Gigabit NIC (SX Fiber) HP ProLiant NC7131 PCI Gigabit NIC HP ProLiant NC7132 Upgrade Module HP ProLiant NC7170 PCI-X Dual Port Gigabit NIC HP ProLiant NC7170LP PCI-X Dual Port Gigabit NIC Intel PRO/1000 Gigabit Server Adapter (SX Fiber) (PWLA8490) Intel PRO/1000F Gigabit Server Adapter (SX Fiber) (PWLA8490SX) Intel PRO/1000T Server Adapter (PWLA8490T) Intel PRO/1000XT Server Adapter (PWLA8490XT) Intel PRO/1000XS Server Adapter (SX Fiber) (PWLA8490XF) Intel PRO/1000T Desktop Adapter (PWLA8390T) Intel PRO/1000XTL Lo Profile PCI Server (PWLA8490XTL) Intel PRO/1000MT Desktop Adapter (PWLA8390MT) Intel PRO/1000MT Server Adapter (PWLA8490MT) Intel PRO/1000MT Dual Port Server Adapter (PWLA8492MT) Intel PRO/1000MF Server Adapter (SX Fiber) (PWLA8490MF) Intel PRO/1000MF Dual Port Server Adapter (SX Fiber) (PWLA8492MF) Intel PRO/1000MF Server Adapter (LX Fiber) (PWLA8490LX) Intel PRO/1000MT Quad PCI-X Adapter (PWLA8494MT) Intel PRO/1000GT Quad PCI-X Adapter (PWLA8494GT) Intel PRO/1000PT Desktop Adapter Intel PRO/1000PT Server Adapter Intel PRO/1000PT Dual Port Server Adapter Intel PRO/1000PT Quad Port Server Adapter Intel PRO/1000PF Server Adapter (SX Fiber) Intel PRO/1000PF Dual Port Server Adapter (SX Fiber) Broadcom BCM570x (Tigon3) based PCI adapters 3Com 3c996-T (10/100/1000baseT) 3Com 3c996-SX (1000baseSX) 3Com 3c996B-T (10/100/1000baseT) HP ProLiant NC370F PCI-X Gigabit NIC (1000baseSX) HP ProLiant NC370T PCI-X Gigabit NIC (10/100/1000baseT) HP ProLiant NC1020 PCI Gigabit NIC (10/100/1000baseT) HP ProLiant NC6770 PCI-X Gigabit NIC (1000baseSX) HP ProLiant NC7770 PCI-X Gigabit NIC (10/100/1000baseT) HP ProLiant NC7771 PCI-X Gigabit NIC (10/100/1000baseT) HP ProLiant NC7781 embedded PCI-X Gigabit NIC (10/100/1000baseT) Netgear GA302T (10/100/1000baseT) SysKonnect SK-9D21 (10/100/1000baseT) SysKonnect SK-9D41 (1000baseSX) Sundance/Tamarack TC9021 based PCI adapters, including: Allied Telesis CentreCOM LA1000-PCI-T Antares Microsystems TC9021 D-Link DGE-550T PCI RealTek 8129, RealTek 8139 Ethernet adapters, including: Accton MPX 5030/5038 Allied Telesyn AT2550 Corega FEther CB-TXD 10/100 Ethernet D-Link DFE530TX+, DFE538TX Encore ENL832-TX-RENT 10/100 M PCI Genius GF100TXR KTX-9130TX 10/100 Fast Ethernet Longshine LCS-8038TX-R NDC NE100TX-E Netgear FA311 v2 Netronix EA-1210 Net Ether 10/100 Nortel BayStack 21 OvisLink LEF-8129TX, LEF-8139TX SMC EZ Card 10/100 PCI 1211-TX TRENDnet TE100-PCBUSR CardBus Realtek 8169/8169S/8110S based PCI adapters, including: Buffalo LGY-PCI-GT (8169S) Corega CG-LAPCIGT (8169S) D-Link DGE-528T (8169S) Gigabyte 7N400 Pro2 Integrated Gigabit Ethernet (8110S) LevelOne GNC-0105T (8169S) Linksys EG1032v3 (8169S) Netgear GA311 (8169S) Netgear GA511 PC Card (8169) PLANEX COMMUNICATIONS Inc. GN-1200TC (8169S) Surecom EP-320G-TX1 (8169S) US Robotics USR997902 (8169S) Xterasys XN-152 10/100/1000 NIC (8169) ADMtek AN986-based USB adapters, including: 3Com 3c460b Abocom UFE1000 Abocom DSB650TX Accton USB320-EC Accton SpeedStream Ethernet Admtek Pegasus, Pegasus II Billionton Systems USB100, USB100EL, USB100LP, USBE100 Corega FEther USB-TX, USB-TXS D-Link DSB-650, 650TX, 650TX-PNA ELCON Systemtechnik Goldpfeil P-LAN Elecom LD-USB, LD-USBL/TX Elsa Microlink USB2Ethernet GIGABYTE GN-BR402W Hawking UF100 HP HN210E I/O Data USB ETTX Kingston KNU101TX Linksys USB100TX, USB100H1, USB10T, USB10TA, USB10TX Melco Inc. LUA-TX, LUA2-TX Microsoft MN110 Mobility EasiDock Ethernet Netgear FA101 Omnidirectional Control Technology USB TO Ethernet Siemens SpeedStream USB SmartBridges smartNIC 2 SMC 2202USB/ETH SMC 2206USB/ETH SOHOware NUB100, NUB110 ASIX Electronics AX88172/AX88178/AX88772 USB Ethernet adapters, including: ATEN UC210T BAFO BF-320 Billionton Systems USB2AR Buffalo(MELCO) LUA-U2-KTX Corega FEther USB2-TX D-Link DUB-E100 Good Way GWUSB2E Hawking UF200 Intellinet USB 2.0 to Ethernet (rev A) IO-Data ETG-US2 JVC MP-PRX1 Level One USB-0200 Linksys USB200M Netgear FA120 Nintendo Wii USB Lan Ethernet Adapter RVL-015 OQO model 01+ Ethernet Sitecom LN-029 SMC 2209USB/ETH SnapPort USB 2.0 LAN Adapter ST Lab USB 2.0 Fast Ethernet Surecom EP-1427X-2 System TALKS SGC-X2UL TRENDnet TU2-ET100 Z-TEK ZK-R01-2 CATC USB-EL1210A-based USB adapters, including: Belkin F5U111 CATC Netmate and Netmate II SmartBridges SmartLink Davicom DM9601 based USB adapters, including: Corega FEther USB-TXC HenTong WK-668 ShanTou ST268 Kawasaki LSI KL5KUSB101B-based USB adapters, including: 3Com 3c19250 3Com 3c460 HomeConnect AboCom Systems URE450 Ethernet ADS Technologies USB-10T Aox USB101 Asante USB to Ethernet ATen DSB-650C ATen UC10T Corega USB-T D-Link DSB-650C Entegra NET-USB-E45 I/O Data USB-ET/T Jaton USB XpressNet Kawasaki USB101 Kingston Ethernet Linksys USB10T Mobility Ethernet Netgear EA101 Peracom USB Portgear Ethernet Portsmith Express Ethernet Psion Dacom Gold Port Ethernet Shark Pocket Adapter Silicom U2E SMC 2102/2104USB RealTek RTL8150L based USB adapters, including: Abocom RTL8151 BAFO BF-310 Billionton USBKR-100 Compex UE202-B GreenHouse GH-USB100B GreenHouse GH-USB100B with HomePNA Hawking Technology HUF11 Linksys USB100M Longshine LCS-8138TX Melco Inc. LUA-KTX Micronet SP128AR NetComm NP1010 OQO model 01 (10/100) Ethernet Repotec RP-USB100-A SMC 2208USB/ETH TRENDnet TU-ET100C Zt USB10/100 ZyXEL Prestige Z-TEK ZK-R02 Wireless Ethernet Adapters Atheros IEEE 802.11a/b/g CardBus adapters Atheros IEEE 802.11a/b/g PCI adapters Atheros USB IEEE 802.11a/b/g USB adapters Atmel AT76C50x IEEE 802.11b USB adapters Conexant/Intersil Prism GT Full-MAC IEEE 802.11a/b/g PCI adapters Marvell Libertas IEEE 802.11b/g Compact Flash adapters (will be detected as PCMCIA adapters) Ralink Technology IEEE 802.11a/b/g CardBus adapters Ralink Technology IEEE 802.11a/b/g PCI adapters Ralink Technology IEEE 802.11b/g USB adapters Ralink Technology USB IEEE 802.11a/b/g USB adapters Ralink Technology USB IEEE 802.11a/b/g/Draft-N USB adapters TI ACX100/ACX111 IEEE 802.11a/b/g PCI adapters WaveLAN/IEEE, PRISM 2-3, and Spectrum24 IEEE 802.11b Compact Flash adapters (will be detected as PCMCIA adapters) WaveLAN/IEEE, PRISM 2-3, and Spectrum24 IEEE 802.11b PCI adapters WaveLAN/IEEE, PRISM 2-3, and Spectrum24 IEEE 802.11b PCMCIA adapters WaveLAN/IEEE, PRISM 2-3, and Spectrum24 IEEE 802.11b USB adapters WAN Adapters SBE (formerly Lan Media Corporation) SSI (T1)/HSSI/DS1/DS3 Universal Serial Bus (USB) Devices USB Audio USB Diamond Multimedia Rio MP3 players USB Ethernet adapters, see above USB Generic Human Interface Devices (catch-all) USB Handspring Visor USB Hubs USB Keyboards USB Mass Storage devices, i.e., USB floppy drives and USB memory stick controllers USB Mice USB Modems USB Printers USB Scanners USB-USB cables USB Y@p phone Serial ports onboard SBUS Zilog 8530 (zs) onboard EBUS Infineon (Siemens) 82532 (sab) onboard 16550 compatibles (com) SBus MAGMA cards including: 4Sp, 8Sp, 12Sp, 16Sp, LC2+1Sp, 2+1Sp, 4+1Sp, 8+2Sp, and 2+1HS Sp SBus Serial Parallel Interface (spif) Aurora SBus sio2 Serial Interface (asio) PCI `universal' communication cards, providing serial and parallel ports, including: AT&T/Lucent Venus Modem (found on IBM 33L4618 card, Actiontec 56K, and others) Avlab Low Profile PCI 4S Quartet (4 port serial) Avlab PCI 2S (2 port serial) Boca Research Turbo Serial 654 PCI (4 port serial) Boca Research Turbo Serial 658 PCI (8 port serial) Decision Computer Inc PCCOM PCI 2 Port (serial) Decision Computer Inc PCCOM PCI 4 Port (serial) Decision Computer Inc PCCOM PCI 8 Port (serial) Digi International Digi Neo 4 (4 port serial) Dolphin Peripherals 4014 (dual parallel) and 4035 (dual serial) Exsys EX-41098 (4 port serial) Koutech IOFLEX-2S (dual serial Kouwell Model-223 (2-port serial, 1 port parallel) Lava Computers 2SP-PCI (parallel port) Lava Computers 2SP-PCI and Quattro-PCI (dual serial) Lava Computers Octopus-550 Lava LavaPort-650 Moxa Technologies Co., Ltd. PCI I/O Card 4S (4 port serial) Moxa Technologies Co., Ltd. C104H/PCI (4 port serial) Moxa Technologies Co., Ltd. CP104/PCI (4 port serial) NEC PK-UG-X008 (serial) NEC PK-UG-X001 K56flex PCI (modem) NetMos 1P (1 port parallel) NetMos 2S1P (2 port serial and 1 port parallel) NetMos 4S (4 port serial) Oxford OX16PCI952 (2 port serial, 1 port parallel) Oxford OX16PCI954 (4 port serial, 1 port parallel) SIIG Cyber 2P1S (dual parallel, single serial) and 2S1P (dual serial, single parallel) SIIG Cyber 4S (quad serial) SIIG Cyber I/O (single parallel, single serial) SIIG Cyber Parallel, Parallel Dual, Serial, Serial Dual SIIG Cyber 8S PCI 16C850 SUNIX 400x (1 port parallel) SUNIX 401x (2 port parallel) SUNIX 402x (1 port serial) SUNIX 403x (2 port serial) SUNIX 405x (4 port serial) SUNIX 406x (8 port serial) SUNIX 407x (2 port serial and 1 port parallel) SUNIX 408x (2 port serial and 2 port parallel) SUNIX 409x (4 port serial and 2 port parallel) Syba Tech Ltd. PCI-4S2P-550-ECP (4 port serial, 2 port parallel) US Robotics 3CP5609 PCI (modem) VScom PCI 800 (8 port serial) VScom PCI 011H (1 port parallel) VScom PCI 100H (1 port serial) VScom PCI 110H (1 port serial and 1 port parallel) VScom PCI 200H (2 port serial) VScom PCI 210H (2 port serial and 1 port parallel) VScom PCI 400H (4 port serial) VScom PCI 410H (4 port serial and 1 port parallel) VScom PCI 800H (8 port serial) VScom PCI 100L (1 port serial) VScom PCI 200L (2 port serial) VScom PCI 210L (2 port serial and 1 port parallel) VScom PCI 400L (4 port serial) VScom PCI 800L (8 port serial) Sound devices onboard SBus CS4321 (audiocs) onboard EBus/PCI CS4231 (audioce) Trident 4DWAVE-DX/NX, SiS 7018, ALi M5451 (autri) Ensoniq AudioPCI (eap) ESS Solo-1 PCI AudioDrive (eso) Cryptography accelerators Hifn 6500 (lofn) Hifn 7751/7811/7951/7955/7956/9751 (hifn) Bluesteelnet 5501/5601 (ubsec) Broadcom 5801/5802/5805/5820/5821/5822/5823 (ubsec) Keyboard and mice Type 4, 5 and 6 keyboards on Zilog serial ports (zskbd) Type 4, 5 and 6 keyboards on NS16550 serial ports (comkbd) Type 6 and 7 keyboards on USB (ukbd) PS/2 AT keyboards (pckbd) Sun mice on Zilog serial ports (zstty) Sun mice on NS16550 serial ports (com) USB mice (ums) PS/2 mice (pms) Framebuffers SBUS framebuffers: bwtwo - monochrome, unaccelerated cgthree - 8 bit color, unaccelerated cgsix - 8 bit color, accelerated (GX, GX+, TGX, TGX+) cgtwelve - 24 bit color, 1 bit overlay, accelerated (but the driver does not support hardware acceleration) Fujitsu AG-10e (agten) - 24-bit color, accelerated (currently only supported in 8-bit unaccelerated mode) Parallax XVideo and PowerVideo (tvtwo) - 24-bit color, accelerated (but the driver does not support hardware acceleration) RasterFlex series (rfx) - 8/24-bit color, accelerated (currently only supported in 8-bit unaccelerated mode) Southland Media Systems MGX and MGXPlus (mgx) - 24-bit color, accelerated (currently only supported in 8-bit accelerated mode) Vigra VS10, VS11 and VS12 framebuffers (8-bit color, selectable VGA-compatible modes and connector) ZX (aka Leo) - 8/24-bit color, overlay planes, double-buffered, 3-D acceleration PCI video boards: Sun PGX, PGX24 and PGX64 (machfb) - 8/24-bit color, accelerated Tech Source Raptor GFX-4M/8M (raptor) - 8/24-bit color, accelerated Tech Source Raptor GFX-8P/Sun PGX32 (gfxp) - 8/24-bit color, accelerated Sun XVR-100 and XVR-300 (radeonfb) - 8/24-bit color, accelerated Sun Exper3D, Expert3D-Lite, XVR-500, XVR-600 and XVR-1200 (ifb) - 24-bit color, accelerated (currently restricted to 8-bit, unaccelerated on the XVR-500 and XVR-600, accelerated on the Exper3D, Exper3D-Lite and XVR-1200) UPA Creator/Creator3D/Elite3D (creator) - 24-bit color, accelerated PC Cards (PCMCIA) PCMCIA Controllers: SBus PCMCIA bridge (stp) PCI CardBus bridge (cbb) Wireless Ethernet adapters: See above. Radio Receiver Devices D-Link DSB-R100 USB radio Miscellaneous devices EBus beeper (beeper) LDOMs virtual disks (vdsk) LDOMs virtual network interfaces (vnet) performance counters/system controller (uperf) Watchdog timer (pmc) LED controller (led, ppm) SBus Expansion Subsystem (SUNW,xbox) (xbox) (currently restricted to non-DMA devices) onboard floppy drive on SBus systems (such as Ultra 1 and Ultra 2) Hardware monitoring sensors, including: Analog Devices AD7416, AD7417 and AD7418 (adc) Analog Devices ADM1021 (admtemp) Analog Devices ADM1024 (admlc) Analog Devices ADM1025 (admtm) Analog Devices ADM1030 (admtmp) Analog Devices ADM1031 (admtt) Analog Devices ADT7460 (adt) National Semiconductor LM75, LM77 (lmtemp) National Semiconductor LM78, LM78-J, LM79 (lm) National Semiconductor LM87 (lmenv) Maxim DS1624/DS1631/DS1721 (maxds) Maxim MAX6642/MAX6690 (maxtmp) Philips PCF8591 (pcfadc) Meinberg Funkuhren radio clocks, including: GPS170PCI 3.3V/5V 6-channel GPS receiver card PCI32 5V DCF77 time signal station receiver card PCI509 5V DCF77 time signal station receiver card PCI511 3.3V/5V DCF77 time signal station receiver card Getting the OpenBSD System onto Useful Media: --------------------------------------------- Installation is supported from several media types, including: CD-ROM (NOT supported if booting from floppy) FFS partitions Tape FTP HTTP If you have the OpenBSD CD-ROM distribution (and a CD-ROM drive), you may be able to boot from it, or from the supplied bootable CD-ROM mini image. If you can boot from the CD-ROM, you are home free and can proceed to the installation steps. If not, you will need to do some setup work to prepare a bootable image, either a floppy, hard drive, or compatible net boot server. In addition to the bootable image, you also need to consider how to access the binary distribution sets to actually install the system. Although you can access the distribution sets directly from the CD-ROM or from one of the FTP mirrors over the internet, you may wish to transfer the sets to a local FTP server, or copy them to a partition on the target system's disk. Creating a bootable floppy disk using DOS/Windows: First you need to get access to the OpenBSD bootable floppy images. If you can access the distribution from the CD-ROM under DOS, you will find the bootable disks in the 5.1/sparc64 directory. Otherwise, you will have to download them from one of the OpenBSD FTP or HTTP mirror sites, using an FTP client or a web browser. In either case, take care to do "binary" transfers, since these are images files and any DOS cr/lf translations or Control-z EOF interpretations will result in corrupted transfers. You will also need to go to the "tools" directory and grab a copy of the rawrite.exe utility and its documentation. This program is needed to correctly copy the bootable filesystem image to the floppy, since it's an image of a unix partition containing an ffs filesystem, not an MSDOS format diskette. Once you have installed rawrite.exe, just run it and specify the name of the bootable image, such as "floppy51.fs" and the name of the floppy drive, such as "a:". Be sure to use good quality HD (1.44MB) floppies, formatted on the system you're using. The image copy and boot process is not especially tolerant of read errors. Note that if you are using NT, 2000, or XP to write the images to disk, you will need to use ntrw.exe instead. It is also available in the "tools" directory. Grab it and run in with the correct arguments like this "ntrw :" Note that, when installing, the boot floppy can be write-protected (i.e. read-only). Creating a bootable floppy disk using SunOS, Solaris or other Un*x-like system: First, you will need obtain a local copy of the bootable filesystem image as described above. If possible use the sha1(1) command to verify the checksums of the images vs. the values in the SHA256 file on the mirror site. Next, use the dd(1) utility to copy the file to the floppy drive. The command would likely be, under SunOS: dd if=floppy51.fs of=/dev/rfd0c bs=36b and, under Solaris: dd if=floppy51.fs of=/dev/rdiskette0 bs=36b unless the volume management daemon, vold(1M), is running, in which case the following command is preferable: dd if=floppy51.fs of=/vol/dev/rdiskette0 bs=36b If you are using another operating system, you may have to adapt this to conform to local naming conventions for the floppy and options suitable for copying to a "raw" floppy image. The key issue is that the device name used for the floppy *must* be one that refers to the correct block device, not a partition or compatibility mode, and the copy command needs to be compatible with the requirement that writes to a raw device must be in multiples of 512-byte blocks. The variations are endless and beyond the scope of this document. If you're doing this on the system you intend to boot the floppy on, copying the floppy back to a file and doing a compare or checksum is a good way to verify that the floppy is readable and free of read/write errors. Note that, when installing, the boot floppy can be write-protected (i.e. read-only). Creating a bootable hard disk using SunOS, Solaris or other Un*x-like system: If you don't have a floppy drive you can copy the miniroot "miniroot51.fs" onto the hard disk you intend to boot on. Traditionally, the way to do this is to use dd(1) to place the bootable filesystem image in the "swap" partition of the disk (while running in single user mode), and then booting from that partition. Using the "b" partition allows you to boot without overwriting any useful parts of the disk; you can also use another partition, but don't use the "a" or "c" partition without understanding the disk label issues described below under "incompatible systems". This requires that you be running SunOS, Solaris, OpenBSD, or NetBSD, which have a compatible view of SunOS disk labels and partitions. Use the dd(1) utility to copy the file to the hard drive. The command would likely be, under SunOS: dd if=miniroot51.fs of=/dev/rsd0b bs=64b and under Solaris: dd if=miniroot51.fs of=/dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s1 bs=64b The blocksize is arbitrary as long as it's a multiple of 512-bytes and within the maximum supported by the driver, i.e. bs=126b may not work for all cases. Again, device/partition names may vary, depending on the OS involved. If you are preparing the hard drive on an incompatible system or don't care about the hard disk contents, you can also install the bootable image starting at the beginning of the disk. This lets you prepare a bootable hard-drive even if don't have a working operating system on your machine, but it is important to understand that the bootable image installed this way includes a "disk label" which can wipe out any pre-existing disklabels or partitioning for the drive. Creating a network bootable setup using SunOS or other Un*x-like system: The details of setting up a network bootable environment vary considerably, depending on the network's host. Extract the OpenBSD diskless(8) man page from the man51.tgz distribution set or see the copy on the OpenBSD web page. You will also need to reference the relevant man pages or administrators guide for the host system. Basically, you will need to set up reverse-arp (rarpd) and boot parameter (rpc.bootparamd) information and make the OpenBSD bootblock, kernel/miniroot partition, and a swap file available as required by the netboot setup. The steps necessary to prepare the distribution sets for installation depend on which method of installation you choose. Some methods require a bit of setup first that is explained below. The installation allows installing OpenBSD directly from FTP mirror sites over the internet, however you must consider the speed and reliability of your internet connection for this option. It may save much time and frustration to use ftp get/reget to transfer the distribution sets to a local server or disk and perform the installation from there, rather than directly from the internet. The variety of options listed may seem confusing, but situations vary widely in terms of what peripherals and what sort of network arrangements a user has, the intent is to provide some way that will be practical. Creating an installation tape: While you won't be able to boot OpenBSD from a tape, you can use one to provide the installation sets. To do so, you need to make a tape that contains the distribution set files, each in "tar" format or in "gzipped tar format". First you will need to transfer the distribution sets to your local system, using ftp or by mounting the CD-ROM containing the release. Then you need to make a tape containing the files. If you're making the tape on a UN*X-like system, the easiest way to do so is make a shell script along the following lines, call it "/tmp/maketape". #! /bin/sh TAPE=${TAPE:-/dev/nrst0} mt -f ${TAPE} rewind for file in base etc comp game man xbase xetc xfont xserv xshare do dd if=${file}51.tgz of=${TAPE} obs=8k conv=osync done tar cf ${TAPE} bsd mt -f ${TAPE} offline # end of script And then: cd .../5.1/sparc64 sh -x /tmp/maketape If you're using a system other than OpenBSD or SunOS, the tape name and other requirements may change. You can override the default device name (/dev/nrst0) with the TAPE environment variable. For example, under Solaris, you would probably run: TAPE=/dev/rmt/0n sh -x /tmp/maketape Note that, when installing, the tape can be write-protected (i.e. read-only). If you are upgrading OpenBSD, you also have the option of installing OpenBSD by putting the new distribution sets somewhere in your existing file system, and using them from there. To do that, do the following: Place the distribution sets you wish to upgrade somewhere in your current file system tree. At a bare minimum, you must upgrade the "base" binary distribution, and so must put the "base51" set somewhere in your file system. It is recommended that you upgrade the other sets, as well. Preparing your System for OpenBSD Installation: ----------------------------------------------- If your UltraSPARC machine is somewhat old, it might need a firmware update before it can be used under OpenBSD. You are advised to try to install OpenBSD first; if it can't boot or fails mysteriously, you might need to update your firmware. To do so, check the ``Updating your firmware'' section later in this document. Your OpenBOOT ROM may need some setup. You cannot use the security modes of the OpenBOOT ROM. Make sure that the ROM security modes are disabled: ok setenv security-mode none Please note that while OpenBSD and Solaris have a reasonable degree of compatibility between disk labels and filesystems there are some problems to watch out for during initial installation or when trying to maintain both OpenBSD and Solaris environments on the same system. If the OpenBSD fsck(8) utility is used on a Solaris filesystem, it will set OpenBSD "clean flags" and BSD4.4 summary fields in the superblock. Solaris does *not* like this and you will have to do a "fsck -b 32" under Solaris to access an alternate superblock to repair the filesystem. You should always specify Solaris filesystems with a "pass number" of 0 in their /etc/fstab entry to prevent this, and preferably mount them "RO". If Solaris fsck is used on an OpenBSD filesystem in the default OpenBSD (4.4BSD) format, it will first complain about the superblock and then about missing . and .. entries. Do *not* try to "correct" these problems, as attempting to do so will completely trash the filesystem. You should avoid using soft updates (option softdep in /etc/fstab) on your shared filesystems. Although untested, it is likely that Solaris would be confused by a filesystem with soft update flags enabled. The OpenBSD "Sun Compatible" disklabel has been extended to support 16 partitions, which may be compatible with Solaris, but Solaris only sees the first 8 partitions and may "lose" information about the extended partitions. OpenBSD and Sun bootblocks are similar in concept, though implemented differently. The OpenBSD bootblocks are architecture independent and also understand the extended disk labels with 16 partitions. You can use Solaris bootblocks, but remember that OpenBSD bootblocks must be installed with OpenBSD installboot and Solaris bootblocks with Solaris installboot. Most of the new Ultras shipped by Sun with a preinstalled Solaris have an initial specific factory setup of the boot ROM, in order to start up Solaris WebStart at the first boot; the boot-device variable is set to disk:f. Make sure you reset the boot device to its default value: ok set-default boot-device will work for most systems. This can be adapted if you've multiple systems installed and know what you're doing. To disable automatic boot use the following command: ok setenv auto-boot? false and then to enable it later use: ok setenv auto-boot? true or on an installed system use the eeprom(8) command: # eeprom 'auto-boot?=true' Updating your firmware: ----------------------- If OpenBSD does not boot or install properly on your machine, it might need a firmware update. Updating your firmware is a dangerous operation which may damage your hardware. Be sure to carefully follow these instructions and, if in doubt, please don't do this. You will need to have a working operating system installed on your machine, in order to perform the update. If this is not the case, you might be able to boot the flash updater software via network, but this has not been tested and is not supported by Sun. The firmware update is delivered as a specific patch, depending on your machine: Machine Patch number Blade 100/150 111179 Enterprise 220R 106455 Enterprise 250 106503 Enterprise 420R 109082 Enterprise 450 106122 Enterprise 3x00/4x00/5x00/6x00 103346 Sun Fire 3800/4800/4810/6800 112883 Sun Fire V480 113034 Sun Fire V880 112186 Netra T1 200 111991 Netra X1 111952 Ultra 1 104881 Ultra 1E 104288 Ultra 2 104169 Ultra 5/10 106121 Ultra 30 105930 Ultra 60 106455 Ultra 80 109082 Ultra 450 106122 You can use SunSolve to get the patches by entering the correct Patch-ID# to the corresponding field at http://sunsolve.sun.com/pub-cgi/show.pl?target=patchpage Follow the patch installation notes very carefully. You will need to open your machine in order to apply this patch. Installing the OpenBSD System: ------------------------------ Installing OpenBSD is a relatively complex process, but if you have this document in hand and are careful to read and remember the information which is presented to you by the install program, it shouldn't be too much trouble. There are several ways to install OpenBSD onto a disk. The easiest way in terms of preliminary setup is to use the OpenBSD installation CD-ROM, or an installation floppy (if your machine can boot from floppy). If your machine is hooked up to a network, try and find a server to arrange for a diskless setup. This is a convenient way to install on a machine whose disk does not currently hold a usable operating system. This is difficult to get set up correctly the first time, but easy to use afterwards. (See ``Installing using a diskless setup'' below.) It is also possible to install OpenBSD "manually" from a running Solaris system, using the system tools, as well as gunzip; see ``Installing from Solaris'' below. Booting from the Installation Media: Prior to attempting an installation, you should make sure that everything of value on the target system has been backed up. While installing OpenBSD does not necessarily wipe out all the partitions on the hard disk, errors during the install process can have unforeseen consequences and you will probably render the system unbootable if you start, but do not complete the installation. Having the installation media for the prior installation, be it a Solaris or OpenBSD CD-ROM or OpenBSD install diskettes, is good insurance if you want to be able to "go back" for some reason. After taking care of all that, bring your system down gracefully using the shutdown(8) and/or halt(8) commands. This will get you to the monitor prompt. Booting from Floppy Disk installation media: ok boot floppy bsd This will cause the kernel contained in the floppy to be booted. Not all systems are able to boot from floppy; also, Ultra 1, 1E, and 2 systems might need a firmware update to be able to boot from floppy; refer to the ``Updating your firmware'' section earlier in this document for details. Booting From CD-ROM installation media: ok boot cdrom If the boot is successful, you will get a loader version message, executable sizes, and then the kernel copyright and device probe messages. Boot failure modes are typically a lot of CD-ROM drive activity, but no messages or complaints about magic numbers, checksums or formats. Booting from disk: Boot the miniroot by typing the appropriate command at the PROM: ok boot disk:b bsd If you've loaded the miniroot onto some other disk than the default drive 0, modify the boot specifier accordingly, keeping in mind the partition naming a=0, b=1... ok boot disk1:b bsd # example - scsi target 1 or # second ide drive Installing using a diskless setup: First, you must set up a diskless client configuration on a server. If you are using an OpenBSD system as the boot-server, have a look at the diskless(8) manual page for guidelines on how to proceed with this. If the server runs another operating system, you'll have to consult documentation that came with it (on SunOS systems, add_client(8) and the Sun System/Networks administrators guide constitute a good start; on Solaris systems, share(1M) is a good starting point as well). Boot your workstation from the server by entering the appropriate `boot' command at the monitor prompt: ok boot net bsd.rd Installing using the Floppy, CD-ROM, miniroot or netboot procedure: You should now be ready to install OpenBSD. The following is a walk-through of the steps you will take while getting OpenBSD installed on your hard disk. The installation procedure is designed to gather as many information about your system setup as possible at the beginning, so that no human interaction is required as soon as the questions are over. The order of these questions might be quite disconcerting if you are used to other installation procedures, including older OpenBSD versions. If any question has a default answer, it will be displayed in brackets ("[]") after the question. If you wish to stop the installation, you may hit Control-C at any time, but if you do, you'll have to begin the installation process again from scratch. Using Control-Z to suspend the process may be a better option, or at any prompt enter `!' to get a shell, from which 'exit' will return you back to that prompt (no refresh of the prompt will occur, though). Boot your machine from the installation media as described above. It will take a while to load the kernel especially from a floppy or slow network connection, most likely more than a minute. If some action doesn't eventually happen, or the spinning cursor has stopped and nothing further has happened, either your boot media is bad, your diskless setup isn't correct, or you may have a hardware or configuration problem. Once the kernel has loaded, you will be presented with the OpenBSD kernel boot messages. You will want to read them to determine your disks name and geometry. Its name will be something like "sd0" for SCSI drives, or "wd0" for IDE drives. You will also need to know the device name to tell the install tools what disk to install on. If you cannot read the messages as they scroll by, do not worry -- you can get at this information later inside the install program. After the kernel is done initialization, you will be asked whether you wish to do an "(I)nstall" or an "(U)pgrade". Enter 'I' for a fresh install or 'U' to upgrade an existing installation. If you are connected with a serial console, you will next be asked for your terminal type. You should choose the terminal type from amongst those listed. (If your terminal type is xterm, just use vt220). The first question you will be asked is the system hostname. Reply with the name of the system, without any domain part. You will now be given an opportunity to configure the network. The network configuration you enter (if any) can then be used to do the install from another system using HTTP or FTP, and will also be the configuration used by the system after the installation is complete. The install program will give you a list of network interfaces you can configure. For each network interface you select to configure, you will be asked for: - the symbolic host name to use (except for the first interface setup, which will reuse the host name entered at the beginning of the installation). - the IPv4 settings: address and netmask. If the IP address should be obtained from a DHCP server, simply enter ``dhcp'' when asked for the address. - the IPv6 settings (address, prefix length, and default router). You may enter ``rtsol'' when asked for the address for the interface to configure automatically via router solicitation messages. After all interfaces have been configured, if there have been any IPv4 interfaces setup, you will be asked for the IPv4 default route. This step is skipped if you only have one IPv4 interface setup, and it is configured with DHCP. The install program will also ask you for your DNS domain name, and the domain name servers, unless this information has already been obtained from a DHCP server during interface setup. You will also be presented with an opportunity to do more manual configuration. If you accept, you will be dropped to a shell; when you are done, enter `exit' to return to the installation program. You will then be asked to enter the initial root password of the system, twice. Although the install program will only check that the two passwords match, you should make sure to use a strong password. As a minimum, the password should be at least eight characters long and a mixture of both lower and uppercase letters, numbers and punctuation characters. You will then be asked whether you want to start sshd(8) by default, as well as ntpd(8). If you choose to start ntpd(8), you will be asked for your ntp server; if you don't have any preferred ntp server, press enter to confirm the default setting of using the pool.ntp.org servers. You will next be asked whether you intend to run the X Window System on your machine. The install program needs to know this, to change a configuration setting controlling whether the X server will be able to access the xf86(4) driver; it is not necessary to answer `y' to this question if you only intend to run X client programs on a remote display. If you answered `y' to this question, you will get asked whether you want to start xdm on boot. You will now be given the possibility to setup a user account on the forthcoming system. This user will be added to the `wheel' group. Enter the desired login name, or `n' if you do not want to add a user account at this point. Valid login names are sequences of digits and lowercase letters, and must start with a lowercase letter. If the login name matches this criteria, and doesn't conflict with any of the administrative user accounts (such as `root', `daemon' or `ftp'), you will be prompted with the users descriptive name, as well as its password, twice. As for the root password earlier, the install program will only check that the two passwords match, but you should make sure to use a strong password here as well. If you have chosen to setup a user account, and you had chosen to start sshd(8) on boot, you will be given the possibility to disable sshd(8) logins as root. You may now be given the opportunity to configure the time zone your system will be using (this depends on the installation media you are using). If the installation program skips this question, do not be alarmed, the time zone will be configured at the end of the installation. The installation program will now tell you which disks it can install on, and ask you which it should use. Reply with the name of your root disk. You will the be asked if you want to use DUID notation in /etc/fstab, instead of traditional device names. You are strongly advised to use DUIDs, as they allow you to move your disks to different controllers, or change their bus identifiers, without having to modify /etc/fstab every time your configuration changes. Next the disk label which defines the layout of the OpenBSD partitions must be set up. Each file system you want will require a separate partition. You will be proposed a default partition layout, trying to set up separate partitions, disk size permitting. You will be given the possibility to either accept the proposed layout, or edit it, or create your own custom layout. These last two choices will invoke the disklabel(8) interactive editor, allowing you to create your desired layout. Within the editor, you will probably start out with only the 'c' partition of fstype 'unused' that represents the whole disk. This partition can not be modified. You must create partition 'a' as a native OpenBSD partition, i.e. one with "4.2BSD" as the fstype, to hold the root file system. In addition to partition 'a' you should create partition 'b' with fstype "swap", and native OpenBSD partitions to hold separate file systems such as /usr, /tmp, /var, and /home. You will need to provide a mount point for all partitions you define. Partitions without mount points, or not of 4.2BSD fstype, will neither be formatted nor mounted during the installation. For quick help while in the interactive editor, enter '?'. The `z' command (which deletes all partitions and starts with a clean label), the `A' command (which performs the automatic partition layout) and the `n' command (to change mount points) are of particular interest. Although the partitions position and size are written in exact sector values, you do not need a calculator to create your partitions! Human-friendly units can be specified by adding `k', `m' or `g' after any numbers to have them converted to kilobytes, megabytes or gigabytes. Or you may specify a percentage of the disk size using `%' as the suffix. Enter 'M' to view the entire manual page (see the info on the ``-E'' flag). To exit the editor enter 'q'. After the layout has been saved, new filesystems will be created on all partitions with mount points. This will DESTROY ALL EXISTING DATA on those partitions. After configuring your root disk, the installer will return to the list of available disks to configure. You can choose the other disks to use with OpenBSD in any order, and will get to setup their layout similarly to the root disk above. However, for non-root disks, you will not be proposed a default partition layout. When all your disks are configured, simply hit return at the disk prompt. After these preparatory steps have been completed, you will be able to extract the distribution sets onto your system. There are several install methods supported: FTP, HTTP, CD-ROM, tape, or a local disk partition. To install via FTP or HTTP: To begin an FTP or HTTP install you will need the following pieces of information: 1) Proxy server URL if you are using a URL-based FTP or HTTP proxy (squid, CERN FTP, Apache 1.2 or higher). You need to define a proxy if you are behind a firewall that blocks outgoing FTP or HTTP connections (assuming you have a proxy available to use). 2) The IP address (or hostname if you configured DNS servers earlier in the install) of an FTP or HTTP server carrying the OpenBSD 5.1 distribution. The installation program will try to fetch a list of such servers; depending on your network settings, this might fail. If the list could be fetched, it will be displayed, and you can choose an entry from the list (the first entries are expected to be the closest mirrors to your location). 3) The directory holding the distribution sets. The default value of pub/OpenBSD/5.1/sparc64 is almost always correct on FTP servers; for HTTP servers there is no standard location for this. 4) For FTP installs only, the login and password for the FTP account. You will only be asked for a password for non-anonymous FTP. Then refer to the section named "installation set selection" below. To install from CD-ROM: When installing from a CD-ROM, you will be asked which device holds the distribution sets. This will typically be "cd0". If there is more than one partition on the CD-ROM, you will be asked which partition the distribution is to be loaded from. This is normally partition "a". You will also have to provide the relative path to the directory on the CD-ROM which holds the distribution, for the sparc64 this is "5.1/sparc64". Then refer to the section named "installation set selection" below. To install from a local disk partition: When installing from a local disk partition, you will first have to identify which disk holds the distribution sets. This is normally "wdN" or "sdN", where N is a number. Next you will have to identify the partition within that disk that holds the distribution; this is a single letter between 'a' and 'p'. You will also have to identify the type of file system residing in the partition identified. Currently, you can only install from partitions that have been formatted as the Berkeley fast file system (ffs). You will also have to provide the relative path to the directory on the file system where the distribution sets are located. Note that this path should not be prefixed with a '/'. Then refer to the next section. Installation set selection: A list of available distribution sets found on the given location will be listed. You may individually select distribution sets to install, by entering their name, or wildcards (e.g. `*.tgz' or `base*|comp*', or `all' to select all the sets (which is what most users will want to do). You may also enter `abort' to deselect everything and restart the selection from scratch, or unselect sets by entering their name prefixed with `-' (e.g. `-x*'). It is also possible to enter an arbitrary filename and have it treated as a file set. When you are done selecting distribution sets, enter `done'. The files will begin to extract. To install from tape: Unlike all other installation methods, there is no way to know the names of the files on tape. Because of this, it is impossible to check that the files on tape match the machine architecture and release of OpenBSD/sparc64. Moreover, since tape filenames are not known, the file checksums can not be verified. Use this installation method only if there is no better option. In order to install from tape, the distribution sets to be installed must have been written to tape previously, either in tar format or gzip-compressed tar format. You will also have to identify the tape device where the distribution sets are to be extracted from. This will typically be "nrst0" (no-rewind, raw interface). Next you will have to specify how many files have to be skipped on the tape. This number is usually zero. The install program will not automatically detect whether an image has been compressed, so it will ask for that information before starting the extraction of each file. After the files have been extracted, you will be given the choice to select a new location from which to install distribution sets. If there have been errors extracting the sets from the previous location, or if some sets have been missing, this allows you to select a better source. Also, if the installation program complains that the distribution sets you have been using do not match their recorded checksums, you might want to check your installation source (although this can happen between releases, if a snapshot is being updated on an FTP or HTTP server with newer files while you are installing). The last thing you might need to configure, if you did not get the chance to earlier, is the time zone your system will be using. For this work properly, it is expected that you have installed at least the "base51", "etc51", and "bsd" distribution sets. The installation program will then proceed to save the system configuration, create all the device nodes needed by the installed system, and will install bootblocks on the root disk. On multiprocessor systems, if the bsd.mp kernel has been installed, it will be renamed to `bsd', which is the default kernel the boot blocks look for. The single processor kernel, `bsd', will be available as `bsd.sp'. Finally, you will be asked whether you would like to install non-free firmware files (which can't be tightly integrated to the OpenBSD system) on first boot, by invoking fw_update(8) on the next boot. After completing an installation: Now try a reboot. (If needed, swap your SCSI IDs first). The UltraSPARC OpenFirmware will normally load the kernel from the device and filename as instructed by the ``boot-device'' and ``boot-file'' variables. If the ``boot-file'' variable is empty, the OpenBSD bootloader will look for a kernel named ``bsd'', unless a different filename has been specified in the boot command. To reset this variable to its default, empty, value, type the following: ok set-default boot-file On multiprocessor systems, to boot the multiprocessor kernel automatically, type the following: ok setenv boot-file bsd.mp Congratulations, you have successfully installed OpenBSD 5.1. When you reboot into OpenBSD, you should log in as "root" at the login prompt. You should create yourself an account and protect it and the "root" account with good passwords. The install program leaves root an initial mail message. We recommend you read it, as it contains answers to basic questions you might have about OpenBSD, such as configuring your system, installing packages, getting more information about OpenBSD, sending in your dmesg output and more. To do this, run mail and then just enter "more 1" to get the first message. You quit mail by entering "q". Some of the files in the OpenBSD 5.1 distribution might need to be tailored for your site. We recommend you run: man afterboot which will tell you about a bunch of the files needing to be reviewed. If you are unfamiliar with UN*X-like system administration, it's recommended that you buy a book that discusses it. Installing from Solaris: You need a machine running under Solaris to install OpenBSD. You will also need at least the following pieces: - the *.tgz files you want to install (as a minimum, base51.tgz and etc51.tgz) - gunzip (GNU gzip) Solaris binary - the OpenBSD boot blocks (bootblk and ofwboot) - an OpenBSD kernel All these pieces, except gunzip, are supplied in the OpenBSD/sparc64 distribution. You need to format and partition the disk using Solaris (since OpenBSD/sparc64 uses Sun compatible disk labels). Give yourself adequate partition sizes. Here is an example layout: solaris# prtvtoc -s /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s2 * First Sector Last * Partition Tag Flags Sector Count Sector Mount Directory 0 2 00 0 80000 79999 / 1 3 01 80000 256000 335999 2 5 00 0 4165271 4165270 3 7 00 336000 100000 435999 /tmp 4 7 00 436000 100000 535999 /var 5 7 00 536000 400000 935999 /var/tmp 6 4 00 936000 3229271 4165270 /usr Use Solaris to newfs the partitions which will have filesystems on them. (OpenBSD's filesystem format is almost identical to Solaris.) solaris# newfs /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s0 [... lots of output] Repeat for any other partition (in this example, /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s3, /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s4, /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s5 and /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s6). NOTE: If you are able to, there is a performance benefit from newfs'ing using OpenBSD. If you newfs using the OpenBSD newfs command, be sure to use the -O flag for your / partition, so that newfs will use the 4.3BSD filesystem format, rather than the new 4.4BSD filesystem format. If you forget, you will not be able to boot -- the Solaris boot blocks do not understand the extended 4.4BSD filesystem format. Mount those partitions in a tree formation, under /mnt; ie: solaris# df -k Filesystem kbytes used avail capacity Mounted on [...] /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s0 38427 0 38427 0% /mnt /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s3 48249 0 48249 0% /mnt/tmp /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s4 48249 0 48249 0% /mnt/var /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s5 193536 0 193536 0% /mnt/var/tmp /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s6 1564024 0 1564024 0% /mnt/usr Place the boot blocks in /mnt (your new root partition), and use the Solaris command "installboot" to make it work. The installboot man page says to do something like this: solaris# cp bootblk ofwboot /mnt solaris# sync; sync solaris# /usr/sbin/installboot /mnt/bootblk /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s0 You can now extract the provided "*.tgz" files onto your disk. solaris# ls -FC base51.tgz etc51.tgz xbase51.tgz xshare51.tgz bsd game51.tgz xfont51.tgz comp51.tgz man51.tgz xserv51.tgz solaris# gunzip < base51.tgz | (cd /mnt; tar xvpf -) [...] for each set And finally copy the OpenBSD kernel onto your disk. solaris# cp bsd /mnt/bsd The GNU gunzip program is not distributed as part of Solaris, but may be present in your /usr/local/bin. If not, you will need to obtain it from a GNU archive and install before proceeding. After the files have been extracted, set up /mnt/etc/fstab to match your actual disk layout. (Minus the "/mnt" component of each path, of course :-) Now proceed to reboot the machine and the customize your installation. Net Boot or Diskless Setup Information: The set up is similar to the diskless setup, but not identical, because the Sun setup assumes that the bootblocks load a kernel image, which then uses NFS to access the exported root partition, while the OpenBSD bootblocks use internal NFS routines to load the kernel image directly from the exported root partition. Please understand that no one gets this right the first try, since there is a lot of setup and all the host daemons must be running and configured correctly. If you have problems, extract the diskless(8) manpage, find someone who's been through it before and use the host syslog and tcpdump(8) to get visibility of what's happening (or not). Your UltraSPARC expects to be able to download a second stage bootstrap program via TFTP after having acquired its IP address through RevARP when instructed to boot "over the net". It will look for a filename composed of the machine's IP address. For example, a machine which has been assigned IP address 130.115.144.11 will make a TFTP request for `8273900B'. Normally, this file is a symbolic link to an appropriate second-stage boot program, which should be located in a place where the TFTP daemon can find it (remember, many TFTP daemons run in a chroot'ed environment). You can find the boot program in `/usr/mdec/boot' in the OpenBSD/sparc64 distribution. After the boot program has been loaded into memory and given control by the PROM, it starts locating the machine's remote root directory through the BOOTPARAM protocol. First a BOOTPARAM WHOAMI request is broadcast on the local net. The answer to this request (if it comes in) contains the client's name. This name is used in the next step, a BOOTPARAM GETFILE request -- sent to the server that responded to the WHOAMI request -- requesting the name and address of the machine that will serve the client's root directory, as well as the path of the client's root on that server. Finally, this information (if it comes in) is used to issue a REMOTE MOUNT request to the client's root filesystem server, asking for an NFS file handle corresponding to the root filesystem. If successful, the boot program starts reading from the remote root filesystem in search of the kernel which is then read into memory. You will want export the miniroot51.fs filesystem to the client. You can dd this filesystem image to some spare partition, mount and export that partition, or use tar to copy the contents to a more convenient spot. Alternatively you can build a bootable partition from the distribution sets as follows: Unpack `base51.tgz' and `etc51.tgz' on the server in the root directory for your target machine. If you elect to use a separately NFS-mounted filesystem for `/usr' with your diskless setup, make sure the "./usr" base files in base51.tgz end up in the correct location. One way to do this is to temporarily use a loopback mount on the server, re-routing /usr to your server's exported OpenBSD "/usr" directory. Also put the kernel and the install/upgrade scripts into the root directory. A few configuration files need to be edited: /etc/hosts Add the IP addresses of both server and client. /etc/myname This files contains the client's hostname; use the same name as in /etc/hosts. /etc/fstab Enter the entries for the remotely mounted filesystems. For example: server:/export/root/client / nfs rw 0 0 server:/export/exec/sparc64.OpenBSD /usr nfs rw 0 0 Now you must populate the `/dev' directory for your client. If the server does not run OpenBSD you might save the MAKEDEV output: eo=echo ksh MAKEDEV all > all.sh and then tailor it for your server operating system before running it. Note that MAKEDEV is written specifically for ksh, and may not work on any other Bourne shell. There will be error messages about unknown users and groups. These errors are inconsequential for the purpose of installing OpenBSD. However, you may want to correct them if you plan to use the diskless setup regularly. In that case, you may re-run MAKEDEV on your OpenBSD machine once it has booted. Upgrading a previously-installed OpenBSD System: ------------------------------------------------ Warning! Upgrades to OpenBSD 5.1 are currently only supported from the immediately previous release. The upgrade process will also work with older releases, but might not execute some migration tasks that would be necessary for a proper upgrade. The best solution, whenever possible, is to backup your data and reinstall from scratch. As a minimum, if the toolchain (the ``comp'' set) was installed, you should remove all files within /usr/include before attempting to upgrade. To upgrade OpenBSD 5.1 from a previous version, start with the general instructions in the section "Installing OpenBSD". Boot from CD-ROM, the miniroot, or an installation floppy. When prompted, select the (U)pgrade option rather than the (I)nstall option at the prompt in the install process. You will be presented with a welcome message and asked if you really wish to upgrade. The upgrade script will ask you for the existing root partition, and will use the existing filesystems defined in /etc/fstab to install the new system in. It will also use your existing network parameters. From then, the upgrade procedure is very close to the installation procedure described earlier in this document. Note that the upgrade procedure will not let you pick neither the ``etc51.tgz'' nor the ``xetc51.tgz'' sets, so as to preserve your files in `/etc' which you are likely to have customized since a previous installation. However, it is strongly advised that you unpack the etc51.tgz and xetc51.tgz sets in a temporary directory and merge changes by hand, or with the help of the sysmerge(8) helper script, since all components of your system may not function correctly until your files in `/etc' are updated. Getting source code for your OpenBSD System: -------------------------------------------- Now that your OpenBSD system is up and running, you probably want to get access to source code so that you can recompile pieces of the system. A few methods are provided. If you have an OpenBSD CD-ROM, the source code is provided. Otherwise, you can get the pieces over the Internet using anonymous CVS, CVSync or FTP. For more information, see http://www.OpenBSD.org/anoncvs.html http://www.OpenBSD.org/cvsync.html http://www.OpenBSD.org/ftp.html Using online OpenBSD documentation: ----------------------------------- Documentation is available if you first install the manual pages distribution set. Traditionally, the UN*X "man pages" (documentation) are denoted by 'name(section)'. Some examples of this are intro(1), man(1), apropos(1), passwd(1), passwd(5) and afterboot(8). The section numbers group the topics into several categories, but three are of primary interest: user commands are in section 1, file formats are in section 5, and administrative information is in section 8. The 'man' command is used to view the documentation on a topic, and is started by entering 'man [section] topic'. The brackets [] around the section should not be entered, but rather indicate that the section is optional. If you don't ask for a particular section, the topic with the least-numbered section name will be displayed. For instance, after logging in, enter man passwd to read the documentation for passwd(1). To view the documentation for passwd(5), enter man 5 passwd instead. If you are unsure of what man page you are looking for, enter apropos subject-word where "subject-word" is your topic of interest; a list of possibly related man pages will be displayed. Adding third party software; ``packages'' and ``ports'': -------------------------------------------------------- As complete as your OpenBSD system is, you may want to add any of several excellent third party software applications. There are several ways to do this. You can: 1) Use the OpenBSD ``package'' collection to grab a pre-compiled and tested version of the application for your hardware. 2) Use the OpenBSD ``ports'' collection to automatically get any needed source file, apply any required patches, create the application, and install it for you. 3) Obtain the source code and build the application based upon whatever installation procedures are provided with the application. If you purchased the OpenBSD CD-ROM set you already have several popular ``packages'', and the ``ports'' collection. Instructions for installing applications from the various sources using the different installation methods follow. You should also refer to the packages(7) manual page. Installing applications from the CD-ROM package collection: The OpenBSD CD-ROM ships with several applications pre-built for various hardware architectures. The number of applications vary according to available disk space. Check the directory 5.1/packages/sparc64 to see which packages are available for your hardware architecture. That directory will be on the same CD-ROM containing the OS installation files for your architecture. To install one or more of these packages you must: 1) become the superuser (root). 2) mount the appropriate CD-ROM. 3) use the ``pkg_add'' command to install the software. Example (in which we use su(1) to get superuser privileges, thus you have to be in group "wheel", see the manual page for su(1)). $ su Password: # mkdir -p /cdrom # mount /dev/cd0a /cdrom # pkg_add /cdrom/5.1/packages/sparc64/ # # umount /cdrom Package names are usually the application name and version with .tgz appended, e.g. emacs-21.3.tgz Installing applications from the ftp.OpenBSD.org package collection: All available packages for your architecture have been placed on ftp.OpenBSD.org in the directory pub/OpenBSD/5.1/packages/sparc64/ You may want to peruse this to see what packages are available. The packages are also on the OpenBSD FTP mirror sites. See http://www.OpenBSD.org/ftp.html for a list of current FTP mirror sites. Installation of a package is very easy. 1) become the superuser (root) 2) use the ``pkg_add'' command to install the software ``pkg_add'' is smart enough to know how to download the software from the OpenBSD FTP server. Example: $ su Password: # pkg_add \ ftp://ftp.OpenBSD.org/pub/OpenBSD/5.1/packages/sparc64/emacs-21.3.tgz Installing applications from the CD-ROM ports collection: The CD-ROM ``ports'' collection is a set of Makefiles, patches, and other files used to control the building and installation of an application from source files. Creating an application from sources can require a lot of disk space, sometimes 50 megabytes or more. The first step is to determine which of your disks has enough room. Once you've made this determination, read the file PORTS located on the CD-ROM which contains the ports tree. To build an application you must: 1) become the superuser (root) 2) have network access, or obtain the actual source files by some other means. 3) cd to the ports directory containing the port you wish to build. To build samba, for example, where you'd previously copied the ports files into the /usr/ports directory: cd /usr/ports/net/samba 4) make 5) make install 6) make clean Installing applications from the OpenBSD ports collection: See http://www.OpenBSD.org/faq/ports/ports.html for current instructions on obtaining and installing OpenBSD ports. You should also refer to the ports(7) manual page. Installing other applications: If an OpenBSD package or port does not exist for an application you're pretty much on your own. The first thing to do is ask if anyone is working on a port -- there may be one in progress. If no such port exists, you might want to look at the FreeBSD ports or NetBSD pkgsrc for inspiration. If you can't find an existing port, try to make your own and feed it back to OpenBSD. That's how our ports collection grows. Some details can be found in the OpenBSD Porter's Handbook at http://www.openbsd.org/faq/ports/ with more help coming from the mailing list, . Administrivia: -------------- There are various mailing lists available via the mailing list server at . To get help on using the mailing list server, send mail to that address with an empty body, and it will reply with instructions. There are also two OpenBSD Usenet newsgroups, comp.unix.bsd.openbsd.announce for important announcements and comp.unix.bsd.openbsd.misc for general OpenBSD discussion. More information about the various OpenBSD mailing list and proper netiquette is available at http://www.OpenBSD.org/mail.html To report bugs, use the 'sendbug' command shipped with OpenBSD, and fill in as much information about the problem as you can. Good bug reports include lots of details. Additionally, bug reports can be sent by mail to: bugs@OpenBSD.org As a favor, please avoid mailing huge documents or files to the mailing lists. Instead, put the material you would have sent up for FTP somewhere, then mail the appropriate list about it, or, if you'd rather not do that, mail the list saying you'll send the data to those who want it. For more information about reporting bugs, see http://www.OpenBSD.org/report.html