vector-0.7.0.1: Efficient ArraysContentsIndex
Data.Vector.Generic
Portabilitynon-portable
Stabilityexperimental
MaintainerRoman Leshchinskiy <rl@cse.unsw.edu.au>
Contents
Immutable vectors
Accessors
Length information
Indexing
Monadic indexing
Extracting subvectors (slicing)
Construction
Initialisation
Monadic initialisation
Unfolding
Enumeration
Concatenation
Restricting memory usage
Modifying vectors
Bulk updates
Accumulations
Permutations
Safe destructive updates
Elementwise operations
Mapping
Monadic mapping
Zipping
Monadic zipping
Unzipping
Working with predicates
Filtering
Partitioning
Searching
Folding
Specialised folds
Monadic folds
Prefix sums (scans)
Conversions
Lists
Different vector types
Mutable vectors
Fusion support
Conversion to/from Streams
Recycling support
Utilities
Comparisons
Data and Typeable
Description
Generic interface to pure vectors.
Synopsis
class MVector (Mutable v) a => Vector v a where
basicUnsafeFreeze :: PrimMonad m => Mutable v (PrimState m) a -> m (v a)
basicUnsafeThaw :: PrimMonad m => v a -> m (Mutable v (PrimState m) a)
basicLength :: v a -> Int
basicUnsafeSlice :: Int -> Int -> v a -> v a
basicUnsafeIndexM :: Monad m => v a -> Int -> m a
basicUnsafeCopy :: PrimMonad m => Mutable v (PrimState m) a -> v a -> m ()
elemseq :: v a -> a -> b -> b
type family Mutable v :: * -> * -> *
length :: Vector v a => v a -> Int
null :: Vector v a => v a -> Bool
(!) :: Vector v a => v a -> Int -> a
(!?) :: Vector v a => v a -> Int -> Maybe a
head :: Vector v a => v a -> a
last :: Vector v a => v a -> a
unsafeIndex :: Vector v a => v a -> Int -> a
unsafeHead :: Vector v a => v a -> a
unsafeLast :: Vector v a => v a -> a
indexM :: (Vector v a, Monad m) => v a -> Int -> m a
headM :: (Vector v a, Monad m) => v a -> m a
lastM :: (Vector v a, Monad m) => v a -> m a
unsafeIndexM :: (Vector v a, Monad m) => v a -> Int -> m a
unsafeHeadM :: (Vector v a, Monad m) => v a -> m a
unsafeLastM :: (Vector v a, Monad m) => v a -> m a
slice :: Vector v a => Int -> Int -> v a -> v a
init :: Vector v a => v a -> v a
tail :: Vector v a => v a -> v a
take :: Vector v a => Int -> v a -> v a
drop :: Vector v a => Int -> v a -> v a
unsafeSlice :: Vector v a => Int -> Int -> v a -> v a
unsafeInit :: Vector v a => v a -> v a
unsafeTail :: Vector v a => v a -> v a
unsafeTake :: Vector v a => Int -> v a -> v a
unsafeDrop :: Vector v a => Int -> v a -> v a
empty :: Vector v a => v a
singleton :: forall v a. Vector v a => a -> v a
replicate :: forall v a. Vector v a => Int -> a -> v a
generate :: Vector v a => Int -> (Int -> a) -> v a
replicateM :: (Monad m, Vector v a) => Int -> m a -> m (v a)
create :: Vector v a => (forall s. ST s (Mutable v s a)) -> v a
unfoldr :: Vector v a => (b -> Maybe (a, b)) -> b -> v a
unfoldrN :: Vector v a => Int -> (b -> Maybe (a, b)) -> b -> v a
enumFromN :: (Vector v a, Num a) => a -> Int -> v a
enumFromStepN :: forall v a. (Vector v a, Num a) => a -> a -> Int -> v a
enumFromTo :: (Vector v a, Enum a) => a -> a -> v a
enumFromThenTo :: (Vector v a, Enum a) => a -> a -> a -> v a
cons :: forall v a. Vector v a => a -> v a -> v a
snoc :: forall v a. Vector v a => v a -> a -> v a
(++) :: Vector v a => v a -> v a -> v a
concat :: Vector v a => [v a] -> v a
force :: Vector v a => v a -> v a
(//) :: Vector v a => v a -> [(Int, a)] -> v a
update :: (Vector v a, Vector v (Int, a)) => v a -> v (Int, a) -> v a
update_ :: (Vector v a, Vector v Int) => v a -> v Int -> v a -> v a
unsafeUpd :: Vector v a => v a -> [(Int, a)] -> v a
unsafeUpdate :: (Vector v a, Vector v (Int, a)) => v a -> v (Int, a) -> v a
unsafeUpdate_ :: (Vector v a, Vector v Int) => v a -> v Int -> v a -> v a
accum :: Vector v a => (a -> b -> a) -> v a -> [(Int, b)] -> v a
accumulate :: (Vector v a, Vector v (Int, b)) => (a -> b -> a) -> v a -> v (Int, b) -> v a
accumulate_ :: (Vector v a, Vector v Int, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> v a -> v Int -> v b -> v a
unsafeAccum :: Vector v a => (a -> b -> a) -> v a -> [(Int, b)] -> v a
unsafeAccumulate :: (Vector v a, Vector v (Int, b)) => (a -> b -> a) -> v a -> v (Int, b) -> v a
unsafeAccumulate_ :: (Vector v a, Vector v Int, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> v a -> v Int -> v b -> v a
reverse :: Vector v a => v a -> v a
backpermute :: (Vector v a, Vector v Int) => v a -> v Int -> v a
unsafeBackpermute :: (Vector v a, Vector v Int) => v a -> v Int -> v a
modify :: Vector v a => (forall s. Mutable v s a -> ST s ()) -> v a -> v a
map :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b) -> v a -> v b
imap :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (Int -> a -> b) -> v a -> v b
concatMap :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> v b) -> v a -> v b
mapM :: (Monad m, Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> m b) -> v a -> m (v b)
mapM_ :: (Monad m, Vector v a) => (a -> m b) -> v a -> m ()
forM :: (Monad m, Vector v a, Vector v b) => v a -> (a -> m b) -> m (v b)
forM_ :: (Monad m, Vector v a) => v a -> (a -> m b) -> m ()
zipWith :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c) => (a -> b -> c) -> v a -> v b -> v c
zipWith3 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d) => (a -> b -> c -> d) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d
zipWith4 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e) => (a -> b -> c -> d -> e) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e
zipWith5 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v f) => (a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e -> v f
zipWith6 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v f, Vector v g) => (a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f -> g) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e -> v f -> v g
izipWith :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c) => (Int -> a -> b -> c) -> v a -> v b -> v c
izipWith3 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d) => (Int -> a -> b -> c -> d) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d
izipWith4 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e) => (Int -> a -> b -> c -> d -> e) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e
izipWith5 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v f) => (Int -> a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e -> v f
izipWith6 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v f, Vector v g) => (Int -> a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f -> g) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e -> v f -> v g
zip :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v (a, b)) => v a -> v b -> v (a, b)
zip3 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v (a, b, c)) => v a -> v b -> v c -> v (a, b, c)
zip4 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v (a, b, c, d)) => v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v (a, b, c, d)
zip5 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v (a, b, c, d, e)) => v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e -> v (a, b, c, d, e)
zip6 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v f, Vector v (a, b, c, d, e, f)) => v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e -> v f -> v (a, b, c, d, e, f)
zipWithM :: (Monad m, Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c) => (a -> b -> m c) -> v a -> v b -> m (v c)
zipWithM_ :: (Monad m, Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> m c) -> v a -> v b -> m ()
unzip :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v (a, b)) => v (a, b) -> (v a, v b)
unzip3 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v (a, b, c)) => v (a, b, c) -> (v a, v b, v c)
unzip4 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v (a, b, c, d)) => v (a, b, c, d) -> (v a, v b, v c, v d)
unzip5 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v (a, b, c, d, e)) => v (a, b, c, d, e) -> (v a, v b, v c, v d, v e)
unzip6 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v f, Vector v (a, b, c, d, e, f)) => v (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (v a, v b, v c, v d, v e, v f)
filter :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> v a
ifilter :: Vector v a => (Int -> a -> Bool) -> v a -> v a
filterM :: (Monad m, Vector v a) => (a -> m Bool) -> v a -> m (v a)
takeWhile :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> v a
dropWhile :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> v a
partition :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> (v a, v a)
unstablePartition :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> (v a, v a)
span :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> (v a, v a)
break :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> (v a, v a)
elem :: (Vector v a, Eq a) => a -> v a -> Bool
notElem :: (Vector v a, Eq a) => a -> v a -> Bool
find :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> Maybe a
findIndex :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> Maybe Int
findIndices :: (Vector v a, Vector v Int) => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> v Int
elemIndex :: (Vector v a, Eq a) => a -> v a -> Maybe Int
elemIndices :: (Vector v a, Vector v Int, Eq a) => a -> v a -> v Int
foldl :: Vector v b => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> a
foldl1 :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> a
foldl' :: Vector v b => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> a
foldl1' :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> a
foldr :: Vector v a => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> b
foldr1 :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> a
foldr' :: Vector v a => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> b
foldr1' :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> a
ifoldl :: Vector v b => (a -> Int -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> a
ifoldl' :: Vector v b => (a -> Int -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> a
ifoldr :: Vector v a => (Int -> a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> b
ifoldr' :: Vector v a => (Int -> a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> b
all :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> Bool
any :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> Bool
and :: Vector v Bool => v Bool -> Bool
or :: Vector v Bool => v Bool -> Bool
sum :: (Vector v a, Num a) => v a -> a
product :: (Vector v a, Num a) => v a -> a
maximum :: (Vector v a, Ord a) => v a -> a
maximumBy :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> Ordering) -> v a -> a
minimum :: (Vector v a, Ord a) => v a -> a
minimumBy :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> Ordering) -> v a -> a
minIndex :: (Vector v a, Ord a) => v a -> Int
minIndexBy :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> Ordering) -> v a -> Int
maxIndex :: (Vector v a, Ord a) => v a -> Int
maxIndexBy :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> Ordering) -> v a -> Int
foldM :: (Monad m, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> m a) -> a -> v b -> m a
foldM' :: (Monad m, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> m a) -> a -> v b -> m a
fold1M :: (Monad m, Vector v a) => (a -> a -> m a) -> v a -> m a
fold1M' :: (Monad m, Vector v a) => (a -> a -> m a) -> v a -> m a
prescanl :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> v a
prescanl' :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> v a
postscanl :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> v a
postscanl' :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> v a
scanl :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> v a
scanl' :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> v a
scanl1 :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> v a
scanl1' :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> v a
prescanr :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> v b
prescanr' :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> v b
postscanr :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> v b
postscanr' :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> v b
scanr :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> v b
scanr' :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> v b
scanr1 :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> v a
scanr1' :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> v a
toList :: Vector v a => v a -> [a]
fromList :: Vector v a => [a] -> v a
fromListN :: Vector v a => Int -> [a] -> v a
convert :: (Vector v a, Vector w a) => v a -> w a
freeze :: (PrimMonad m, Vector v a) => Mutable v (PrimState m) a -> m (v a)
thaw :: (PrimMonad m, Vector v a) => v a -> m (Mutable v (PrimState m) a)
copy :: (PrimMonad m, Vector v a) => Mutable v (PrimState m) a -> v a -> m ()
unsafeFreeze :: (PrimMonad m, Vector v a) => Mutable v (PrimState m) a -> m (v a)
unsafeThaw :: (PrimMonad m, Vector v a) => v a -> m (Mutable v (PrimState m) a)
unsafeCopy :: (PrimMonad m, Vector v a) => Mutable v (PrimState m) a -> v a -> m ()
stream :: Vector v a => v a -> Stream a
unstream :: Vector v a => Stream a -> v a
streamR :: Vector v a => v a -> Stream a
unstreamR :: Vector v a => Stream a -> v a
new :: Vector v a => New v a -> v a
clone :: Vector v a => v a -> New v a
eq :: (Vector v a, Eq a) => v a -> v a -> Bool
cmp :: (Vector v a, Ord a) => v a -> v a -> Ordering
gfoldl :: (Vector v a, Data a) => (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> v a -> c (v a)
dataCast :: (Vector v a, Data a, Typeable1 v, Typeable1 t) => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (v a))
mkType :: String -> DataType
Immutable vectors
class MVector (Mutable v) a => Vector v a where

Class of immutable vectors. Every immutable vector is associated with its mutable version through the Mutable type family. Methods of this class should not be used directly. Instead, Data.Vector.Generic and other Data.Vector modules provide safe and fusible wrappers.

Minimum complete implementation:

Methods
basicUnsafeFreeze :: PrimMonad m => Mutable v (PrimState m) a -> m (v a)

Assumed complexity: O(1)

Unsafely convert a mutable vector to its immutable version without copying. The mutable vector may not be used after this operation.

basicUnsafeThaw :: PrimMonad m => v a -> m (Mutable v (PrimState m) a)

Assumed complexity: O(1)

Unsafely convert an immutable vector to its mutable version without copying. The immutable vector may not be used after this operation.

basicLength :: v a -> Int

Assumed complexity: O(1)

Yield the length of the vector.

basicUnsafeSlice
:: Intstarting index
-> Intlength
-> v a
-> v a

Assumed complexity: O(1)

Yield a slice of the vector without copying it. No range checks are performed.

basicUnsafeIndexM :: Monad m => v a -> Int -> m a

Assumed complexity: O(1)

Yield the element at the given position in a monad. No range checks are performed.

The monad allows us to be strict in the vector if we want. Suppose we had

 unsafeIndex :: v a -> Int -> a

instead. Now, if we wanted to copy a vector, we'd do something like

 copy mv v ... = ... unsafeWrite mv i (unsafeIndex v i) ...

For lazy vectors, the indexing would not be evaluated which means that we would retain a reference to the original vector in each element we write. This is not what we want!

With basicUnsafeIndexM, we can do

 copy mv v ... = ... case basicUnsafeIndexM v i of
                       Box x -> unsafeWrite mv i x ...

which does not have this problem because indexing (but not the returned element!) is evaluated immediately.

basicUnsafeCopy :: PrimMonad m => Mutable v (PrimState m) a -> v a -> m ()

Assumed complexity: O(n)

Copy an immutable vector into a mutable one. The two vectors must have the same length but this is not checked.

Instances of Vector should redefine this method if they wish to support an efficient block copy operation.

Default definition: copying basic on basicUnsafeIndexM and basicUnsafeWrite.

elemseq :: v a -> a -> b -> b

Evaluate a as far as storing it in a vector would and yield b. The v a argument only fixes the type and is not touched. The method is only used for optimisation purposes. Thus, it is safe for instances of Vector to evaluate a less than it would be when stored in a vector although this might result in suboptimal code.

 elemseq v x y = (singleton x `asTypeOf` v) `seq` y

Default defintion: a is not evaluated at all

show/hide Instances
type family Mutable v :: * -> * -> *
Mutable v s a is the mutable version of the pure vector type v a with the state token s
Accessors
Length information
length :: Vector v a => v a -> Int
O(1) Yield the length of the vector.
null :: Vector v a => v a -> Bool
O(1) Test whether a vector if empty
Indexing
(!) :: Vector v a => v a -> Int -> a
O(1) Indexing
(!?) :: Vector v a => v a -> Int -> Maybe a
O(1) Safe indexing
head :: Vector v a => v a -> a
O(1) First element
last :: Vector v a => v a -> a
O(1) Last element
unsafeIndex :: Vector v a => v a -> Int -> a
O(1) Unsafe indexing without bounds checking
unsafeHead :: Vector v a => v a -> a
O(1) First element without checking if the vector is empty
unsafeLast :: Vector v a => v a -> a
O(1) Last element without checking if the vector is empty
Monadic indexing
indexM :: (Vector v a, Monad m) => v a -> Int -> m a

O(1) Indexing in a monad.

The monad allows operations to be strict in the vector when necessary. Suppose vector copying is implemented like this:

 copy mv v = ... write mv i (v ! i) ...

For lazy vectors, v ! i would not be evaluated which means that mv would unnecessarily retain a reference to v in each element written.

With indexM, copying can be implemented like this instead:

 copy mv v = ... do
                   x <- indexM v i
                   write mv i x

Here, no references to v are retained because indexing (but not the elements) is evaluated eagerly.

headM :: (Vector v a, Monad m) => v a -> m a
O(1) First element of a vector in a monad. See indexM for an explanation of why this is useful.
lastM :: (Vector v a, Monad m) => v a -> m a
O(1) Last element of a vector in a monad. See indexM for an explanation of why this is useful.
unsafeIndexM :: (Vector v a, Monad m) => v a -> Int -> m a
O(1) Indexing in a monad without bounds checks. See indexM for an explanation of why this is useful.
unsafeHeadM :: (Vector v a, Monad m) => v a -> m a
O(1) First element in a monad without checking for empty vectors. See indexM for an explanation of why this is useful.
unsafeLastM :: (Vector v a, Monad m) => v a -> m a
O(1) Last element in a monad without checking for empty vectors. See indexM for an explanation of why this is useful.
Extracting subvectors (slicing)
slice
:: Vector v a
=> Inti starting index
-> Intn length
-> v a
-> v a
O(1) Yield a slice of the vector without copying it. The vector must contain at least i+n elements.
init :: Vector v a => v a -> v a
O(1) Yield all but the last element without copying. The vector may not be empty.
tail :: Vector v a => v a -> v a
O(1) Yield all but the first element without copying. The vector may not be empty.
take :: Vector v a => Int -> v a -> v a
O(1) Yield at the first n elements without copying. The vector may contain less than n elements in which case it is returned unchanged.
drop :: Vector v a => Int -> v a -> v a
O(1) Yield all but the first n elements without copying. The vector may contain less than n elements in which case an empty vector is returned.
unsafeSlice
:: Vector v a
=> Inti starting index
-> Intn length
-> v a
-> v a
O(1) Yield a slice of the vector without copying. The vector must contain at least i+n elements but this is not checked.
unsafeInit :: Vector v a => v a -> v a
O(1) Yield all but the last element without copying. The vector may not be empty but this is not checked.
unsafeTail :: Vector v a => v a -> v a
O(1) Yield all but the first element without copying. The vector may not be empty but this is not checked.
unsafeTake :: Vector v a => Int -> v a -> v a
O(1) Yield the first n elements without copying. The vector must contain at least n elements but this is not checked.
unsafeDrop :: Vector v a => Int -> v a -> v a
O(1) Yield all but the first n elements without copying. The vector must contain at least n elements but this is not checked.
Construction
Initialisation
empty :: Vector v a => v a
O(1) Empty vector
singleton :: forall v a. Vector v a => a -> v a
O(1) Vector with exactly one element
replicate :: forall v a. Vector v a => Int -> a -> v a
O(n) Vector of the given length with the same value in each position
generate :: Vector v a => Int -> (Int -> a) -> v a
O(n) Construct a vector of the given length by applying the function to each index
Monadic initialisation
replicateM :: (Monad m, Vector v a) => Int -> m a -> m (v a)
O(n) Execute the monadic action the given number of times and store the results in a vector.
create :: Vector v a => (forall s. ST s (Mutable v s a)) -> v a

Execute the monadic action and freeze the resulting vector.

 create (do { v <- new 2; write v 0 'a'; write v 1 'b' }) = <a,b>
Unfolding
unfoldr :: Vector v a => (b -> Maybe (a, b)) -> b -> v a

O(n) Construct a vector by repeatedly applying the generator function to a seed. The generator function yields Just the next element and the new seed or Nothing if there are no more elements.

 unfoldr (\n -> if n == 0 then Nothing else Just (n,n-1)) 10
  = <10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1>
unfoldrN :: Vector v a => Int -> (b -> Maybe (a, b)) -> b -> v a

O(n) Construct a vector with at most n by repeatedly applying the generator function to the a seed. The generator function yields Just the next element and the new seed or Nothing if there are no more elements.

 unfoldrN 3 (\n -> Just (n,n-1)) 10 = <10,9,8>
Enumeration
enumFromN :: (Vector v a, Num a) => a -> Int -> v a

O(n) Yield a vector of the given length containing the values x, x+1 etc. This operation is usually more efficient than enumFromTo.

 enumFromN 5 3 = <5,6,7>
enumFromStepN :: forall v a. (Vector v a, Num a) => a -> a -> Int -> v a

O(n) Yield a vector of the given length containing the values x, x+y, x+y+y etc. This operations is usually more efficient than enumFromThenTo.

 enumFromStepN 1 0.1 5 = <1,1.1,1.2,1.3,1.4>
enumFromTo :: (Vector v a, Enum a) => a -> a -> v a

O(n) Enumerate values from x to y.

WARNING: This operation can be very inefficient. If at all possible, use enumFromN instead.

enumFromThenTo :: (Vector v a, Enum a) => a -> a -> a -> v a

O(n) Enumerate values from x to y with a specific step z.

WARNING: This operation can be very inefficient. If at all possible, use enumFromStepN instead.

Concatenation
cons :: forall v a. Vector v a => a -> v a -> v a
O(n) Prepend an element
snoc :: forall v a. Vector v a => v a -> a -> v a
O(n) Append an element
(++) :: Vector v a => v a -> v a -> v a
O(m+n) Concatenate two vectors
concat :: Vector v a => [v a] -> v a
O(n) Concatenate all vectors in the list
Restricting memory usage
force :: Vector v a => v a -> v a

O(n) Yield the argument but force it not to retain any extra memory, possibly by copying it.

This is especially useful when dealing with slices. For example:

 force (slice 0 2 <huge vector>)

Here, the slice retains a reference to the huge vector. Forcing it creates a copy of just the elements that belong to the slice and allows the huge vector to be garbage collected.

Modifying vectors
Bulk updates
(//)
:: Vector v a
=> v ainitial vector (of length m)
-> [(Int, a)]list of index/value pairs (of length n)
-> v a

O(m+n) For each pair (i,a) from the list, replace the vector element at position i by a.

 <5,9,2,7> // [(2,1),(0,3),(2,8)] = <3,9,8,7>
update
:: (Vector v a, Vector v (Int, a))
=> v ainitial vector (of length m)
-> v (Int, a)vector of index/value pairs (of length n)
-> v a

O(m+n) For each pair (i,a) from the vector of index/value pairs, replace the vector element at position i by a.

 update <5,9,2,7> <(2,1),(0,3),(2,8)> = <3,9,8,7>
update_
:: (Vector v a, Vector v Int)
=> v ainitial vector (of length m)
-> v Intindex vector (of length n1)
-> v avalue vector (of length n2)
-> v a

O(m+min(n1,n2)) For each index i from the index vector and the corresponding value a from the value vector, replace the element of the initial vector at position i by a.

 update_ <5,9,2,7>  <2,0,2> <1,3,8> = <3,9,8,7>

This function is useful for instances of Vector that cannot store pairs. Otherwise, update is probably more convenient.

 update_ xs is ys = update xs (zip is ys)
unsafeUpd :: Vector v a => v a -> [(Int, a)] -> v a
Same as (//) but without bounds checking.
unsafeUpdate :: (Vector v a, Vector v (Int, a)) => v a -> v (Int, a) -> v a
Same as update but without bounds checking.
unsafeUpdate_ :: (Vector v a, Vector v Int) => v a -> v Int -> v a -> v a
Same as update_ but without bounds checking.
Accumulations
accum
:: Vector v a
=> (a -> b -> a)accumulating function f
-> v ainitial vector (of length m)
-> [(Int, b)]list of index/value pairs (of length n)
-> v a

O(m+n) For each pair (i,b) from the list, replace the vector element a at position i by f a b.

 accum (+) <5,9,2> [(2,4),(1,6),(0,3),(1,7)] = <5+3, 9+6+7, 2+4>
accumulate
:: (Vector v a, Vector v (Int, b))
=> (a -> b -> a)accumulating function f
-> v ainitial vector (of length m)
-> v (Int, b)vector of index/value pairs (of length n)
-> v a

O(m+n) For each pair (i,b) from the vector of pairs, replace the vector element a at position i by f a b.

 accumulate (+) <5,9,2> <(2,4),(1,6),(0,3),(1,7)> = <5+3, 9+6+7, 2+4>
accumulate_
:: (Vector v a, Vector v Int, Vector v b)
=> (a -> b -> a)accumulating function f
-> v ainitial vector (of length m)
-> v Intindex vector (of length n1)
-> v bvalue vector (of length n2)
-> v a

O(m+min(n1,n2)) For each index i from the index vector and the corresponding value b from the the value vector, replace the element of the initial vector at position i by f a b.

 accumulate_ (+) <5,9,2> <2,1,0,1> <4,6,3,7> = <5+3, 9+6+7, 2+4>

This function is useful for instances of Vector that cannot store pairs. Otherwise, accumulate is probably more convenient:

 accumulate_ f as is bs = accumulate f as (zip is bs)
unsafeAccum :: Vector v a => (a -> b -> a) -> v a -> [(Int, b)] -> v a
Same as accum but without bounds checking.
unsafeAccumulate :: (Vector v a, Vector v (Int, b)) => (a -> b -> a) -> v a -> v (Int, b) -> v a
Same as accumulate but without bounds checking.
unsafeAccumulate_ :: (Vector v a, Vector v Int, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> v a -> v Int -> v b -> v a
Same as accumulate_ but without bounds checking.
Permutations
reverse :: Vector v a => v a -> v a
O(n) Reverse a vector
backpermute
:: (Vector v a, Vector v Int)
=> v axs value vector
-> v Intis index vector (of length n)
-> v a

O(n) Yield the vector obtained by replacing each element i of the index vector by xs!i. This is equivalent to map (xs!) is but is often much more efficient.

 backpermute <a,b,c,d> <0,3,2,3,1,0> = <a,d,c,d,b,a>
unsafeBackpermute :: (Vector v a, Vector v Int) => v a -> v Int -> v a
Same as backpermute but without bounds checking.
Safe destructive updates
modify :: Vector v a => (forall s. Mutable v s a -> ST s ()) -> v a -> v a

Apply a destructive operation to a vector. The operation will be performed in place if it is safe to do so and will modify a copy of the vector otherwise.

 modify (\v -> write v 0 'x') (replicate 3 'a') = <'x','a','a'>
Elementwise operations
Mapping
map :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b) -> v a -> v b
O(n) Map a function over a vector
imap :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (Int -> a -> b) -> v a -> v b
O(n) Apply a function to every element of a vector and its index
concatMap :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> v b) -> v a -> v b
Map a function over a vector and concatenate the results.
Monadic mapping
mapM :: (Monad m, Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> m b) -> v a -> m (v b)
O(n) Apply the monadic action to all elements of the vector, yielding a vector of results
mapM_ :: (Monad m, Vector v a) => (a -> m b) -> v a -> m ()
O(n) Apply the monadic action to all elements of a vector and ignore the results
forM :: (Monad m, Vector v a, Vector v b) => v a -> (a -> m b) -> m (v b)
O(n) Apply the monadic action to all elements of the vector, yielding a vector of results. Equvalent to flip mapM.
forM_ :: (Monad m, Vector v a) => v a -> (a -> m b) -> m ()
O(n) Apply the monadic action to all elements of a vector and ignore the results. Equivalent to flip mapM_.
Zipping
zipWith :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c) => (a -> b -> c) -> v a -> v b -> v c
O(min(m,n)) Zip two vectors with the given function.
zipWith3 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d) => (a -> b -> c -> d) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d
Zip three vectors with the given function.
zipWith4 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e) => (a -> b -> c -> d -> e) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e
zipWith5 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v f) => (a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e -> v f
zipWith6 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v f, Vector v g) => (a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f -> g) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e -> v f -> v g
izipWith :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c) => (Int -> a -> b -> c) -> v a -> v b -> v c
O(min(m,n)) Zip two vectors with a function that also takes the elements' indices.
izipWith3 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d) => (Int -> a -> b -> c -> d) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d
izipWith4 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e) => (Int -> a -> b -> c -> d -> e) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e
izipWith5 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v f) => (Int -> a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e -> v f
izipWith6 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v f, Vector v g) => (Int -> a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f -> g) -> v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e -> v f -> v g
zip :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v (a, b)) => v a -> v b -> v (a, b)
O(min(m,n)) Zip two vectors
zip3 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v (a, b, c)) => v a -> v b -> v c -> v (a, b, c)
zip4 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v (a, b, c, d)) => v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v (a, b, c, d)
zip5 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v (a, b, c, d, e)) => v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e -> v (a, b, c, d, e)
zip6 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v f, Vector v (a, b, c, d, e, f)) => v a -> v b -> v c -> v d -> v e -> v f -> v (a, b, c, d, e, f)
Monadic zipping
zipWithM :: (Monad m, Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c) => (a -> b -> m c) -> v a -> v b -> m (v c)
O(min(m,n)) Zip the two vectors with the monadic action and yield a vector of results
zipWithM_ :: (Monad m, Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> m c) -> v a -> v b -> m ()
O(min(m,n)) Zip the two vectors with the monadic action and ignore the results
Unzipping
unzip :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v (a, b)) => v (a, b) -> (v a, v b)
O(min(m,n)) Unzip a vector of pairs.
unzip3 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v (a, b, c)) => v (a, b, c) -> (v a, v b, v c)
unzip4 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v (a, b, c, d)) => v (a, b, c, d) -> (v a, v b, v c, v d)
unzip5 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v (a, b, c, d, e)) => v (a, b, c, d, e) -> (v a, v b, v c, v d, v e)
unzip6 :: (Vector v a, Vector v b, Vector v c, Vector v d, Vector v e, Vector v f, Vector v (a, b, c, d, e, f)) => v (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (v a, v b, v c, v d, v e, v f)
Working with predicates
Filtering
filter :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> v a
O(n) Drop elements that do not satisfy the predicate
ifilter :: Vector v a => (Int -> a -> Bool) -> v a -> v a
O(n) Drop elements that do not satisfy the predicate which is applied to values and their indices
filterM :: (Monad m, Vector v a) => (a -> m Bool) -> v a -> m (v a)
O(n) Drop elements that do not satisfy the monadic predicate
takeWhile :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> v a
O(n) Yield the longest prefix of elements satisfying the predicate without copying.
dropWhile :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> v a
O(n) Drop the longest prefix of elements that satisfy the predicate without copying.
Partitioning
partition :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> (v a, v a)
O(n) Split the vector in two parts, the first one containing those elements that satisfy the predicate and the second one those that don't. The relative order of the elements is preserved at the cost of a sometimes reduced performance compared to unstablePartition.
unstablePartition :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> (v a, v a)
O(n) Split the vector in two parts, the first one containing those elements that satisfy the predicate and the second one those that don't. The order of the elements is not preserved but the operation is often faster than partition.
span :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> (v a, v a)
O(n) Split the vector into the longest prefix of elements that satisfy the predicate and the rest without copying.
break :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> (v a, v a)
O(n) Split the vector into the longest prefix of elements that do not satisfy the predicate and the rest without copying.
Searching
elem :: (Vector v a, Eq a) => a -> v a -> Bool
O(n) Check if the vector contains an element
notElem :: (Vector v a, Eq a) => a -> v a -> Bool
O(n) Check if the vector does not contain an element (inverse of elem)
find :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> Maybe a
O(n) Yield Just the first element matching the predicate or Nothing if no such element exists.
findIndex :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> Maybe Int
O(n) Yield Just the index of the first element matching the predicate or Nothing if no such element exists.
findIndices :: (Vector v a, Vector v Int) => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> v Int
O(n) Yield the indices of elements satisfying the predicate in ascending order.
elemIndex :: (Vector v a, Eq a) => a -> v a -> Maybe Int
O(n) Yield Just the index of the first occurence of the given element or Nothing if the vector does not contain the element. This is a specialised version of findIndex.
elemIndices :: (Vector v a, Vector v Int, Eq a) => a -> v a -> v Int
O(n) Yield the indices of all occurences of the given element in ascending order. This is a specialised version of findIndices.
Folding
foldl :: Vector v b => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> a
O(n) Left fold
foldl1 :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> a
O(n) Left fold on non-empty vectors
foldl' :: Vector v b => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> a
O(n) Left fold with strict accumulator
foldl1' :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> a
O(n) Left fold on non-empty vectors with strict accumulator
foldr :: Vector v a => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> b
O(n) Right fold
foldr1 :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> a
O(n) Right fold on non-empty vectors
foldr' :: Vector v a => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> b
O(n) Right fold with a strict accumulator
foldr1' :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> a
O(n) Right fold on non-empty vectors with strict accumulator
ifoldl :: Vector v b => (a -> Int -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> a
O(n) Left fold (function applied to each element and its index)
ifoldl' :: Vector v b => (a -> Int -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> a
O(n) Left fold with strict accumulator (function applied to each element and its index)
ifoldr :: Vector v a => (Int -> a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> b
O(n) Right fold (function applied to each element and its index)
ifoldr' :: Vector v a => (Int -> a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> b
O(n) Right fold with strict accumulator (function applied to each element and its index)
Specialised folds
all :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> Bool
O(n) Check if all elements satisfy the predicate.
any :: Vector v a => (a -> Bool) -> v a -> Bool
O(n) Check if any element satisfies the predicate.
and :: Vector v Bool => v Bool -> Bool
O(n) Check if all elements are True
or :: Vector v Bool => v Bool -> Bool
O(n) Check if any element is True
sum :: (Vector v a, Num a) => v a -> a
O(n) Compute the sum of the elements
product :: (Vector v a, Num a) => v a -> a
O(n) Compute the produce of the elements
maximum :: (Vector v a, Ord a) => v a -> a
O(n) Yield the maximum element of the vector. The vector may not be empty.
maximumBy :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> Ordering) -> v a -> a
O(n) Yield the maximum element of the vector according to the given comparison function. The vector may not be empty.
minimum :: (Vector v a, Ord a) => v a -> a
O(n) Yield the minimum element of the vector. The vector may not be empty.
minimumBy :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> Ordering) -> v a -> a
O(n) Yield the minimum element of the vector according to the given comparison function. The vector may not be empty.
minIndex :: (Vector v a, Ord a) => v a -> Int
O(n) Yield the index of the minimum element of the vector. The vector may not be empty.
minIndexBy :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> Ordering) -> v a -> Int
O(n) Yield the index of the minimum element of the vector according to the given comparison function. The vector may not be empty.
maxIndex :: (Vector v a, Ord a) => v a -> Int
O(n) Yield the index of the maximum element of the vector. The vector may not be empty.
maxIndexBy :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> Ordering) -> v a -> Int
O(n) Yield the index of the maximum element of the vector according to the given comparison function. The vector may not be empty.
Monadic folds
foldM :: (Monad m, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> m a) -> a -> v b -> m a
O(n) Monadic fold
foldM' :: (Monad m, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> m a) -> a -> v b -> m a
O(n) Monadic fold with strict accumulator
fold1M :: (Monad m, Vector v a) => (a -> a -> m a) -> v a -> m a
O(n) Monadic fold over non-empty vectors
fold1M' :: (Monad m, Vector v a) => (a -> a -> m a) -> v a -> m a
O(n) Monad fold over non-empty vectors with strict accumulator
Prefix sums (scans)
prescanl :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> v a

O(n) Prescan

 prescanl f z = init . scanl f z

Example: prescanl (+) 0 <1,2,3,4> = <0,1,3,6>

prescanl' :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> v a
O(n) Prescan with strict accumulator
postscanl :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> v a

O(n) Scan

 postscanl f z = tail . scanl f z

Example: postscanl (+) 0 <1,2,3,4> = <1,3,6,10>

postscanl' :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> v a
O(n) Scan with strict accumulator
scanl :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> v a

O(n) Haskell-style scan

 scanl f z <x1,...,xn> = <y1,...,y(n+1)>
   where y1 = z
         yi = f y(i-1) x(i-1)

Example: scanl (+) 0 <1,2,3,4> = <0,1,3,6,10>

scanl' :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> a) -> a -> v b -> v a
O(n) Haskell-style scan with strict accumulator
scanl1 :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> v a

O(n) Scan over a non-empty vector

 scanl f <x1,...,xn> = <y1,...,yn>
   where y1 = x1
         yi = f y(i-1) xi
scanl1' :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> v a
O(n) Scan over a non-empty vector with a strict accumulator
prescanr :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> v b

O(n) Right-to-left prescan

 prescanr f z = reverse . prescanl (flip f) z . reverse
prescanr' :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> v b
O(n) Right-to-left prescan with strict accumulator
postscanr :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> v b
O(n) Right-to-left scan
postscanr' :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> v b
O(n) Right-to-left scan with strict accumulator
scanr :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> v b
O(n) Right-to-left Haskell-style scan
scanr' :: (Vector v a, Vector v b) => (a -> b -> b) -> b -> v a -> v b
O(n) Right-to-left Haskell-style scan with strict accumulator
scanr1 :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> v a
O(n) Right-to-left scan over a non-empty vector
scanr1' :: Vector v a => (a -> a -> a) -> v a -> v a
O(n) Right-to-left scan over a non-empty vector with a strict accumulator
Conversions
Lists
toList :: Vector v a => v a -> [a]
O(n) Convert a vector to a list
fromList :: Vector v a => [a] -> v a
O(n) Convert a list to a vector
fromListN :: Vector v a => Int -> [a] -> v a

O(n) Convert the first n elements of a list to a vector

 fromListN n xs = fromList (take n xs)
Different vector types
convert :: (Vector v a, Vector w a) => v a -> w a
O(n) Convert different vector types
Mutable vectors
freeze :: (PrimMonad m, Vector v a) => Mutable v (PrimState m) a -> m (v a)
O(n) Yield an immutable copy of the mutable vector.
thaw :: (PrimMonad m, Vector v a) => v a -> m (Mutable v (PrimState m) a)
O(n) Yield a mutable copy of the immutable vector.
copy :: (PrimMonad m, Vector v a) => Mutable v (PrimState m) a -> v a -> m ()
O(n) Copy an immutable vector into a mutable one. The two vectors must have the same length.
unsafeFreeze :: (PrimMonad m, Vector v a) => Mutable v (PrimState m) a -> m (v a)
O(1) Unsafe convert a mutable vector to an immutable one without copying. The mutable vector may not be used after this operation.
unsafeThaw :: (PrimMonad m, Vector v a) => v a -> m (Mutable v (PrimState m) a)
O(1) Unsafely convert an immutable vector to a mutable one without copying. The immutable vector may not be used after this operation.
unsafeCopy :: (PrimMonad m, Vector v a) => Mutable v (PrimState m) a -> v a -> m ()
O(n) Copy an immutable vector into a mutable one. The two vectors must have the same length. This is not checked.
Fusion support
Conversion to/from Streams
stream :: Vector v a => v a -> Stream a
O(1) Convert a vector to a Stream
unstream :: Vector v a => Stream a -> v a
O(n) Construct a vector from a Stream
streamR :: Vector v a => v a -> Stream a
O(1) Convert a vector to a Stream, proceeding from right to left
unstreamR :: Vector v a => Stream a -> v a
O(n) Construct a vector from a Stream, proceeding from right to left
Recycling support
new :: Vector v a => New v a -> v a
Construct a vector from a monadic initialiser.
clone :: Vector v a => v a -> New v a
Convert a vector to an initialiser which, when run, produces a copy of the vector.
Utilities
Comparisons
eq :: (Vector v a, Eq a) => v a -> v a -> Bool
O(n) Check if two vectors are equal. All Vector instances are also instances of Eq and it is usually more appropriate to use those. This function is primarily intended for implementing Eq instances for new vector types.
cmp :: (Vector v a, Ord a) => v a -> v a -> Ordering
O(n) Compare two vectors lexicographically. All Vector instances are also instances of Ord and it is usually more appropriate to use those. This function is primarily intended for implementing Ord instances for new vector types.
Data and Typeable
gfoldl :: (Vector v a, Data a) => (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> v a -> c (v a)
Generic definion of Data.Data.gfoldl that views a Vector as a list.
dataCast :: (Vector v a, Data a, Typeable1 v, Typeable1 t) => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (v a))
mkType :: String -> DataType
Produced by Haddock version 2.7.2